A triple 'blind randomized controlled trial was undertaken in a Brazilian Amazon region (Cuiabâ-MT), tn compare the effect;veness and side effects of oral artcsunate (7 days, total dose = 0.75 g) plus tetraeycline (7 days, total dose = 10.5 g) [AT) and oral quinine (3 days, total dose = 6 g) plus te(racydine (7 days, total dose = 10.5 g) [QT). Eligible patients had uncomph'c'ated P. falciparum malaria; age ~ 14 years; no previous malaria treatment related to ,the present attack; and, if women, indil,ation of absence of pregnancy. Clinical i\'lOEm and blood tests were pcrformt:d at baselinc (day 0) and thereafter at days 2, ·,l, 7, 14 and 28. EOE.:ctiveness was asscssed by cure rates (WHO criteria) and parasite dl!arance at day 2.176 patients were randomized, 88 to each group. 9\.\.1.6% of the AT group and 93.2% of the QT group completed the 7-day treatment. 81.8% of the AT group and 78.4% of the QT group completed follow-up visits to day 2g Groups had similar clinical characteristics at baseline. The incidence of side effects was much higher in the QT group (82%) th?n in the AT group (50%) [p 14 ans, aucun tnlltement antipaludéen relié à la crise présente; en cas de femmes, aucune 'ossesse indiquée. Un examen clinique et des prises de sang ont été faits au départ (jour 0) puis aux jours 2, 4, 7, 14· et 28 suivants. L'efficacité a été évaluée par les fréquences de guénson Il is to my family that 1 dedicate this thesis.'É dificil expressar min.~a gradidao à pessoas que, embora distante, se lïzeram as mais presentes durante meu perfodo na McGi11.Meu agradecimento e carinho para minha mae e mclhor amiga. Barhara, quem me deu motivaçao e auto-confiança para ir em [rente nas mais malucas situaçoes cm que me coloco, e me ensinou dedicaçâo através ùe seu proprio cxemplo ùe vida.Também quero dividir esta conquista corn minhas irmàs e irmàos, Eliane, Elisa.Elisete, Luiz e Waldeck Junior. tia e segunda mae. Neuza, meu pai, Waldc(,;k, c meus av6s, Archanjo e Elisa (em mem6ria). Pessoas que sempre foram so sorriso e carinho.