Antimalarial activity of some Colombian medicinal plants

Garavito, Giovanny; Rincón, Javier; Arteaga, L.; Hata, Yoshie; Bourdy, Geneviève; Giménez, Alberto; Pinzón, Roberto; Deharo, Eric

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2006.03.033

Cited by 66 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Similar results were obtained by Garavito et al (2006) while investigating the in vivo antimalarial activity of ethanolic bark extract of a related species Acacia fernesiana that exhibited activity against P. berghei with parasitaemia inhibition of 32%. According to Doughari (2006), A. seyal aqueous extract of the fruits has shown tannins, saponins, sesquiterpenes, alkaloids, and phlobatannins that have been implicated to have antiplasmodial activity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Brine shrimp cytotoxicity and antimalarial activity of plants traditionally used in treatment of malaria in Msambweni district

Mwangi

Wagacha

Nguta

et al. 2014

Pharmaceutical Biology

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Context: In Kenya, most people use traditional medicine and medicinal plants to treat many diseases including malaria. To manage malaria, new knowledge and products are needed. Traditional herbal medicine has constituted a good basis for antimalarial lead discovery and drug development. Objectives: To determine in vivo antimalarial activity and brine shrimp toxicity of five medicinal plants traditionally used to treat malaria in Msambweni district, Kenya. Materials and methods: A 0.2 ml saline solution of 100 mg/kg aqueous crude extracts from five different plant parts were administered orally once a day and evaluated for their in vivo chemosuppressive effect using Plasmodium berghei berghei-infected Swiss mice for four consecutive days. Their safety was also determined using Brine shrimp lethality test: Grewia trichocarpa Hochst ex A. Rich Results: Parasitaemia was as follows: A. indica, 3.1%; D. cinerea, 6.3%; T. indica, 25.1%; A. seyal, 27.8%; and G. trichocarpa, 35.8%. In terms of toxicity, A. indica root bark extract had an LC 50 of 285.8 mg/ml and was considered moderately toxic. T. indica stem bark extract and G. trichocarpa root extract had an LC 50 of 516.4 and 545.8 mg/ml, respectively, and were considered to be weakly toxic while A. seyal and D. cinerea root extracts had a LC 50 41000 mg/ml and were, therefore, considered to be non-toxic. Discussion and conclusion: All extracts had antimalarial activity that was not significant compared to chloroquine (p ! 0.05). No extract was toxic to the arthropod invertebrate, Artemia salina L. (Artemiidae) larvae, justifying the continued use of the plant parts to treat malaria.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Brine shrimp cytotoxicity and antimalarial activity of plants traditionally used in treatment of malaria in Msambweni district

Mwangi

Wagacha

Nguta

et al. 2014

Pharmaceutical Biology

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“…31 Several studies have shown that plant alkaloids, flavonoids and tannins demonstrate in vivo and in vitro antimalarial activity against CQsensitive and -resistant strains of P. falciparum. 32,33 However, further studies are needed to investigate the antimalarial activity of khat. The limited reduction in parasite densities observed in the current study might be attributed to the antiplasmodial activity of certain compounds in khat leaves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Khat ( Catha edulis ) Use on the Bioavailability, Plasma Levels and Antimalarial Activity of Chloroquine

Issa

Al‐Habori

Chance

2016

SQUMJ

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abstract:Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of khat (Catha edulis) on chloroquine (CQ) bioavailability in healthy Yemeni adults and its effect on CQ plasma levels and parasite clearance among malaria patients. Methods: This study took place between January and April 2007 in Bajil and Sana'a, Yemen. Two CQ doses (600 mg each) were given to 15 healthy males on separate occasions; the first dose was followed by a khat-chewing session (phase one) while controls abstained from khat-chewing for the second (phase two). Additionally, 103 patients with Plasmodium falciparum-induced malaria, including both regular khat chewers (n = 57) and non-khat chewers (n = 46), were treated with CQ (25 mg/kg) over three days. Pharmacokinetic parameters were analysed among both controls and malaria patients. Parasite clearance was also investigated for the latter group. Results: The mean area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) was 2,108.9 versus 2,797.4 ng/hour/mL, mean peak plasma concentration (C max ) was 415.6 versus 508.7 ng/mL and mean time to reach C max was 3.8 versus 3.6 hours for controls in phase one versus phase two, respectively; both AUC and C max levels were significantly reduced by khat-chewing (P <0.050). For khat-versus non-khat-chewing malaria patients, mean plasma CQ concentrations were 266.4 ng/mL versus 427.5 ng/mL (P <0.001). Furthermore, CQ was effective in 71.7% and 75.4% of non-khat and khat-chewing malaria patients, respectively (P = 0.823). Conclusion: Khat-chewing was found to significantly reduce plasma CQ levels among healthy volunteers and malaria patients. While receiving CQ treatment, patients should be advised not to chew khat.

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“…Las cepas FCB2 y NF54, por ser una cloroquinaresistente y la otra cloroquina-sensible, han sido empleadas como controles en estudios, tanto de evaluación de la susceptibilidad in vitro de P. falciparum a los antipalúdicos, como de evaluación de la actividad antipalúdica de nuevos compuestos (26)(27)(28). La cepa FCB2 fue aislada de un paciente colombiano y fue clasificada como resistente a la cloroquina y sensible a la quinina (8); dichos fenotipos fueron confirmados en este estudio y, además, se encontró que es sensible a la amodiaquina, la artesunato y resistente a la mefloquina.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Susceptibilidad in vitro de aislamientos colombianos de Plasmodium falciparum a diferentes antipalúdicos

Blair¹,

Arango²,

Fonseca³

2008

biomedica

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Introducción. Los estudios de susceptibilidad in vitro de Plasmodium falciparum a los medicamentos antipalúdicos son herramientas importantes para vigilar la utilidad de esos medicamentos; tales estudios son escasos en Colombia. Objetivo. Evaluar la susceptibilidad in vitro de aislamientos colombianos de P. falciparum a cloroquina, amodiaquina, mefloquina, quinina y artesunato. Materiales y métodos. Se obtuvieron aislamientos clínicos de P. falciparum en varias regiones colombianas. De cada antipalúdico se probaron siete diluciones dobles seriadas, por duplicado, con la técnica HRP-2 y las cepas FCB2 (resistente a cloroquina) y NF54 (sensible a cloroquina) como controles. Se utilizaron las concentraciones inhibitorias 50 (CI 50 ) mayor de 100, 80, 64, 500 y 10,5 nM como puntos de corte para clasificar la resistencia a cloroquina, amodiaquina, mefloquina, quinina y artesunato, respectivamente. Resultados. Se evaluaron 25 aislamientos: 72% de Urabá, 8% de Bajo Cauca y 20% de la Costa Pacífica. Las CI 50 promedio de cloroquina, amodiaquina, mefloquina, quinina y artesunato fueron 422,9; 131,4; 56,3; 269,7 y 1,88 nM, respectivamente, y la proporción de aislamientos resistentes fue, en el mismo orden, 76%, 16%, 32%, 24% y 4%. Conclusiones. La baja sensibilidad a la cloroquina concuerda con otros estudios in vitro y con la baja eficacia terapéutica in vivo. Aunque 96% de los aislamientos fueron sensibles a artesunato, éste y otros estudios han observado aislamientos con disminución de la sensibilidad a las artemisininas (CI 50 >10,5 nM), lo que sugiere que el uso indiscriminado de estos medicamentos pone en riesgo su efectividad y podría dejarnos sin opciones para el tratamiento del paludismo por P. falciparum.Palabras clave: malaria/terapia, Plasmodium falciparum, antipalúdicos, resistencia a las drogas, Colombia

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Antimalarial activity of some Colombian medicinal plants

Cited by 66 publications

References 9 publications

Brine shrimp cytotoxicity and antimalarial activity of plants traditionally used in treatment of malaria in Msambweni district

Brine shrimp cytotoxicity and antimalarial activity of plants traditionally used in treatment of malaria in Msambweni district

Effect of Khat ( Catha edulis ) Use on the Bioavailability, Plasma Levels and Antimalarial Activity of Chloroquine

Susceptibilidad in vitro de aislamientos colombianos de Plasmodium falciparum a diferentes antipalúdicos

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