Anti̇k Dönemden Günümüze Kalicilik Ve Yeni̇li̇k Arasinda İran Bahçeleri̇

Abstract

The Persian garden, as a perfect structure, demonstrates a close relationship between cultural and natural back grounds. In the past, the Persian garden would help reveal latent potentiality of the environment and perceive its intricacies. The Persian garden, a demarcated and surrounded place with its own mysteries and enigmas, includes a natural background, a cultural background, and the capacity of the environment which encircles it; and far beyond a merely anatomical and objective nature, it is associated with a relationship with the cosmic order. This way, the garden, this domesticated nature, possesses aesthetic, exalted, and fruitful values. The art and tradition of constructing gardens in Iran has a long history and is one of the main gardening schools in the world. The creator of the garden would rely upon his own experimental knowledge to create a place, addition al aesthetic and fruitful values which brought about the survival and dynamism of the natural background. This paper tries to identify the primary pattern and the continuity of garden elements in Persian gardens review ing from the ancient through the contemporary period. Impact of culture and nature on permanence or alter ation of garden elements was investigated. The changes in Pahlavi era resulted in the transition of Persian garden to the urban parks which led to cultur al transformation in Persian gardening.