Antihypertensive medication adherence and its associated factors among hypertensive patients in North Showa Zone Public Hospitals, North Ethiopia, 2021. Institutional Cross- Sectional study

Abstract

Background: Antihypertensive medication adherence plays a tremendous role in controlling blood pressure, however poor adherence to antihypertensive medication leads to complications of hypertension, wastage of health care resources and workload on health care providers which come up with poor clinical outcome.Objective: To assess antihypertensive medication adherence and its associated factors among hypertensive patients’ in North Showa Zone public hospitals’, Oromia regional state, North Ethiopia. 2021. Methods and Materials: An institutional cross-sectional study was conducted from February to March 2021 in three public hospitals of North Showa Zone. Out of four public hospitals, three hospitals were selected through simple random sampling techniques and final sample size 348 was selected systematic random sampling. Data were checked, cleaned and entered into Epi data software version 3.1 and imported to SPSS version 25 software for analysis. Descriptive analysis was done and presented in frequencies and percentages. The association between independent and dependent variables was analyzed using bivariate and multivariate analysis, and variables that show P-values of < 0.05 with 95% CI will be considered statistically significant. Result: Out of the sample size, 339 patients were participated with 97.4% response rate. Out of this, 56.9% adhere to their medication. Marital status (AOR=3.24,95%CI=1.12-9.60), residence (AOR=2.59,95%CI=1.42-4.75), Controlled BP (AOR=4.26, 95%CI=2.37-7.67), number of medication (AOR= 2.59,95%CI=1.35-4.97), comorbidity (AOR=2.24, 95%CI=1.33-4.67), knowledge (AOR=5.01,95%CI=2.69-9.35) and insurance coverage user (AOR=2.20,95%CI=1.23-3.95) were found statistically significant. Conclusion: The adherence status of this study was sub-optimal and knowledge status of patients about the disease and their treatments was the most associated factor. Give health education about disease and its treatments, management of comorbidity and adherence counseling plays a vital role in improving the adherence status of clients.