Antihypertensive Effect of Diuretics

Conway, James

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-66309-3_9

Cited by 9 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 113 publications

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“…There is good evidence that thiazide diuretics lower blood pressure initially by a decrease in cardiac output and, later, by a fall in peripheral vascular resistance (Tarazi, 1973;Conway, 1977). The initial fall in cardiac output is usually explained by diminished body fluid volumes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Haemodynamics during Long-Term Thiazide Treatment in Essential Hypertension: Differences between Responders and Non-Responders

1979

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1. Blood pressure, systemic haemodynamics, plasma volume, renin and aldosterone were measured during placebo treatment and after 1, 4 and 12 weeks of hydrochlorothiazide in 13 patients with uncomplicated essential hypertension. Nine of these patients were also studied after 24 and 36 weeks of treatment.2. Mean arterial pressure was lowered significantly during hydrochlorothiazide treatment. In seven patients the fall in mean arterial pressure was greater than 10% (responders); four of these were studied for 36 weeks. The remainder were considered non-responders.3. Hydrochlorothiazide lowered cardiac output. The maximal decrease was observed after 12 weeks of treatment (P < 0.01). In responders this was followed by a return to pretreatment values and a significant decrease in total peripheral resistance, whereas in non-responders cardiac output remained reduced and total peripheral resistance was permanently elevated.4. Changes in plasma volume, renin and aldosterone were not significantly different in responders and non-responders although non-responders tended to show a greater degree of plasma volume depletion and a more pronounced increase in plasma aldosterone. 5.Thus it is unlikely that the initial decrease in cardiac output is an important determinant of the long-term haemodynamic effect of thiazide diuretics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Haemodynamics during Long-Term Thiazide Treatment in Essential Hypertension: Differences between Responders and Non-Responders

1979

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Diuretic Agents

Cervoni¹,

Chan²

2000

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

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Diuretics are agents that increase urine output or flow. The effects of diuretic agents on electrolyte and water excretion in the kidney for the treatment of edema, congestive heart failure, ascites, and hypertension are reviewed. The structure and function of the kidney in the formation of urine are presented using the functional unit of the kidney, the nephron. The various sites where absorption, secretion, and the passive and active transport of water and electrolytes alter the composition of the glomerular filtrate from Bowman's capsule as it passes through the lumen of the nephron to the collecting ducts on its way to becoming urine are described. Diuretics are classified as low ceiling, high ceiling (loop), and potassium‐sparing diuretics, natriuretic peptides, atrial natriuretic peptides, atrial natriuretic peptide potentiators, osmotic diuretics, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, methylxanthines, organomercurials, and aquaretics. The pharmacology, mechanisms or site of action in the nephron, and clinical effectiveness are discussed. Included is a discussion of the risk factors and side effects of diuretic agents.

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Clinical Pharmacology of Antihypertensive Drug Therapy

Weber¹

1982

Arterial Hypertension

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Antihypertensive Effect of Diuretics

Cited by 9 publications

References 113 publications

Haemodynamics during Long-Term Thiazide Treatment in Essential Hypertension: Differences between Responders and Non-Responders

Haemodynamics during Long-Term Thiazide Treatment in Essential Hypertension: Differences between Responders and Non-Responders

Diuretic Agents

Clinical Pharmacology of Antihypertensive Drug Therapy

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