Antihypertensive Agents and Risk of Parkinson's Disease: A Nationwide Cohort Study

Lee, Yen-Chieh; Lin, Chin-Hsien; Wu, Ruey‐Meei; Lin, Jou‐Wei; Chang, Chia‐Hsuin; Lai, Mei‐Shu

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0098961

Cited by 88 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…First, the confounder of usage of antihypertensive drugs could not be adjusted, which is a very important factor affecting the association between hypertension and the risk of PD. Some studies [14,51] found the use of antihypertensive drugs could reduce the risk of PD. Second, confounders adjusted in studies were different, which could affect the association between hypertension and the risk of PD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Hypertension and the Risk of Parkinson’s Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Analytical Studies

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2019

Neuroepidemiology

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Background: The results of analytical studies show that the association between hypertension and the risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains controversial. Method: We searched studies related to the association between hypertension and the risk of PD. We pooled the ORs and risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) with random effects model and conducted meta-regression to explore potential sources of heterogeneity. Publication bias was estimated by Egger’s test and the funnel plot. Results: Twenty-six articles containing 27 studies were included, involving 9 cohort studies and 18 case-control studies. In cohort studies, compared with the non-hypertension participants, the pooled RR for the risk of PD was 1.70 (95% CI 1.60–1.80) for the patients with hypertension. In case-control studies, compared with the non-hypertension participants, the pooled OR for the risk of PD was 0.85 (95% CI 0.78–0.92) for the patients with hypertension. There were no publication bias in cohort studies and case-control studies. Conclusion: Based on population-based cohort studies, this meta-analysis indicated that hypertension might increase the risk of PD. In view of both hypertension and PD having an association with aging, case-control studies, especially the studies based on hospital records, were not suitable for similar studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Hypertension and the Risk of Parkinson’s Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Analytical Studies

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2019

Neuroepidemiology

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“…Parkinson's disease, 35,36,62,63 whereas others did not find a significant effect. 64,65,66,67 However, the consensus based upon systematic review of all available literature is that treatment with calcium channel blockers does appear to reduce the risk of Parkinson's disease 68,69 although the mechanism by which they do so is not completely understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Calcium Channel Antagonists as Disease-Modifying Therapy for Parkinson’s Disease: Therapeutic Rationale and Current Status

Swart¹,

Hurley

2016

CNS Drugs

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“…Patients were classified as hypertensive if they had at least 1 hospital admission with a diagnostic code of hypertension (ICD9-CM code 401) or ≥2 outpatient visits with a hypertension diagnostic code. 32,33 Statistical tests for interaction were conducted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of Intracranial Hemorrhage From Statin Use in Asians

et al. 2015

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Background— Reports of statin usage and increased risk of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) have been inconsistent. This study examined potential associations between statin usage and the risk of ICH in subjects without a previous history of stroke. Methods and Results— Patients initiating statin therapy between 2005 and 2009 without a previous history of ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke were identified from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance database. Participants were stratified by advanced age (≥70 years), sex, and diagnosed hypertension. The outcome of interest was hospital admission for ICH ( International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes 430, 431, 432). Cox regression models were applied to estimate the hazard ratio of ICH. The cumulative statin dosage stratified by quartile and adjusted for baseline disease risk score served as the primary variable using the lowest quartile of cumulative dosage as a reference. There were 1 096 547 statin initiators with an average follow-up of 3.3 years. The adjusted hazard ratio for ICH between the highest and the lowest quartile was nonsignificant at 1.06 with a 95% confidence interval spanning 1.00 (0.94–1.19). Similar nonsignificant results were found in sensitivity analyses using different outcome definitions or model adjustments, reinforcing the robustness of the study findings. Subgroup analysis identified an excess of ICH frequency in patients without diagnosed hypertension (adjusted hazard ratio 1.36 [1.11–1.67]). Conclusions— In general, no association was observed between cumulative statin use and the risk of ICH among subjects without a previous history of stroke. An increased risk was identified among the nonhypertensive cohort, but this finding should be interpreted with caution.

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Antihypertensive Agents and Risk of Parkinson's Disease: A Nationwide Cohort Study

Cited by 88 publications

References 29 publications

Association between Hypertension and the Risk of Parkinson’s Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Analytical Studies

Association between Hypertension and the Risk of Parkinson’s Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Analytical Studies

Calcium Channel Antagonists as Disease-Modifying Therapy for Parkinson’s Disease: Therapeutic Rationale and Current Status

Risk of Intracranial Hemorrhage From Statin Use in Asians

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