Antihyperglycemic Effect of Fomitopsis pinicola Extracts in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Abstract

The antihyperglycemic effect of a water extract (WE) and an alkali extract (AE) of the Fomitopsis pinicola fruit body was studied in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The STZ-induced diabetes mellitus (DM) control group lost a significant amount of body weight, whereas the normal control group (NC) gained weight; however, the DM-AE group gained a significant amount of weight, with weight gain approaching normal. Feed intake by the DM-AE group was also similar to the NC group. The liver and kidney weights per body weight increased with the STZ treatment; however, the weights were lower in the F. pinicola-treated groups and nearly normalized in the DM-AE group. The weights of the heart, lungs, and spleen were not influenced by the STZ treatment. Blood glucose levels of F. pinicola-treated DM groups were significantly lower than that of the DM group. In particular, STZ-induced hyperglycemia was remarkably inhibited by the AE-supplemented diet. Serum insulin levels were decreased with STZ injection; however, the decreased levels were almost restored to the NC level with F. pinicola supplementation. The increased serum fructosamine levels associated with hyperglycemia were decreased with the F. pinicola treatment. Cells of the pericentral regions were found to have significant swelling, and some necrotic cells were observed in the pancreas of DM animals; however, pancreatic tissue damage by STZ in the F. pinicola-supplemented diet groups was ameliorated. In this study, the AE from F. pinicola showed the highest antidiabetic effect among the treatments. These results indicate that constituents of F. pinicola may regulate hyperglycemia via either increased insulin secretion during recovery or the prevention of STZ-induced pancreatic damage. This is the first report of antihyperglycemic effects of F. pinicola in STZ-induced DM rats.

Effect of Vaccinium bracteatum Thunb. leaves extract on blood glucose and plasma lipid levels in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice

“…However, the BG and insulin levels of AEG were similar to those of EEG, suggesting that hypoglycaemic components in VBTL are soluble in both water and alcohol. This observation disagrees with the previous reports in which the hypoglycaemic component was soluble in either water (Kamalakkannan and Prince, 2003;Lee et al, 2008) or alcohol (Vetrichelvan et al, 2002;Arul et al, 2004). The difference may be attributed to there were two kinds of active components responsible for BG lowing activity, which can be soluble in water and alcohol, respectively.…”

Taurine Modulates Hyperglycemia-Mediated Oxidative Stress and Protects Hepatocytes in Experimental Diabetes

“…The body weight loss came accordance with the finding of Oyedemi et al [35]. Lee et al [36] found that the animal treated with STZ appeared ill-looking with the loss of their body weights.…”

In Vitro and In Vivo Activity of Fomitopsis Pinicola (Sw. Ex Fr.) Karst Chloroform (Fpkc) Extract Against S180 Tumor Cells

“…The in-vivo results showed that a daily dose of 200 mg/kg of FPKc inhibited the solid tumor growth and prolonged the survival days of the mice, a group behavior that nearly equaled the one of the CTX group (20 mg/kg/day). A previous study reported that FPK is extensively used in Asia and Europe as a non-toxic anti-diabetes fungus [4]. Additionally, the little alterations of body weight, SI, and TI further confirmed the low in-vitro cytotoxicity of FPKc on normal cells.…”

“…Moreover, the fruit bodies are used as anti-inflammatory agents [3]. Additionally, studies report that crude extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) produced in aqueous and alkali extracts of FPK present anti-hyperglycemic activity [4]. …”

“…Concerning the chemical analysis of FPK, it was reported that FPK mainly contains triterpenoids such as ergosterol, ergosterol derivatives, and lanostane triterpenes among others. Besides, studies demonstrated that FPK extracts contained polysaccharides, cerebroside lipids, and volatile substances [4, 5]. Biological activity studies showed that FPK extracts and its principle components have antimicrobial, anticancer, and antioxidant activities [6].…”