Antiherpetic activities of flavonoids against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2)in vitro

Abstract

Flavonoids, a group of low molecular weight phenylbenzopyrones, have various pharmacological properties including antioxidant, anticancer, bactericidal, and anti-inflammatory. We carried out anti-herpetic assays on 18 flavonoids in five classes and a virus-induced cytopathic effect (CPE) inhibitory assay, plaque reduction assay, and yield reduction assay were performed. When flavonoids were applied at various concentrations to Vero cells infected by HSV-1 and 2, most of the flavonoids showed inhibitory effects on virus-induced CPE. Among the flavonoids, EC, ECG (flavanols), genistein (isoflavone), naringenin (flavanone), and quercetin (flavonol) showed a high level of CPE inhibitory activity. The antiviral activity of flavonoids were also examined by a plaque reduction assay. EC, ECG, galangin, and kaempferol showed a strong antiviral activity, and catechin, EGC, EGCG, naringenin, chrysin, baicalin, fisetin, myricetin, quercetin, and genistein showed moderate inhibitory effects against HSV-1. In these experiments, flavanols and flavonols appeared to be more active than flavones. Furthermore, treatment of Vero cells with ECG and galangin (which previously showed strong antiviral activities) before virus adsorption led to a slight enhancement of inhibition as determined by a yield reduction assay, indicating that an intracellular effect may also be involved.

Inhibition of dengue virus replication by diisopropyl chrysin-7-yl phosphate

“…Antiviral activities of numerous flavonoids have been reported. Replication of a number of viruses can be inhibited by baicalein, a member of the flavone subgroup of flavonoids, including herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) (Johari et al, 2012;Lyu et al, 2005). In our previous study, we showed that 7-hydroxyflavone and 5,7-dihydroxyflavone substantially inhibited replication of enterovirus 71 in infected cells (Wang et al, 2014a(Wang et al, , 2014b.…”

Herpes simplex virus: Drug resistance and new treatment options using natural products (Review)

“…4) had the highest anti-HSV activity, reducing the viral titer by 2log 10 or more (38). This was confirmed by Lyu et al, who additionally demonstrated that the two substances had high anti-HSV in vitro activity, and that flavonols had higher activity than flavones (39).…”

Превентивна Та Лікувальна Ефективність Біофлавоноїдів У Дітей З Рекурентними Респіраторними Інфекціями

“…Також флавоноїди виявляють протизапаль-ний, антибіотикоподібний потенціал: діючи як антимікробні агенти, пригнічують функціону-вання патогенних мікроорганізмів [12,15].…”