Antiglycative and neuroprotective activity of colon‐derived polyphenol catabolites

Verzelloni, Elena; Pellacani, Claudia; Tagliazucchi, Davide; Tagliaferri, Sara; Calani, Luca; Costa, Lucio G.; Brighenti, Furio; Borges, Gina; Crozier, Alan; Conte, Angela; Rio, Daniele Del

doi:10.1002/mnfr.201000525

Cited by 174 publications

(150 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Some polyphenols may inhibit the later stages of glycation by preventing the binding of dicarbonyls to protein amino groups. 30 Verzelloni et al 31 suggest that phenolic compounds may inhibit the formation of Amadori products because of their specific binding to albumin. However, the effect of pomegranate juice on glycation appears to be independent of its binding to albumin; a similar pattern of inhibition is also observed in proteins that do not extensively bind phenolics (gelatin and immunoglobulin G, data not shown).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of Nonenzymatic Protein Glycation by Pomegranate and Other Fruit Juices

Dorsey

Greenspan

2014

Journal of Medicinal Food

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The nonenzymatic glycation of proteins and the formation of advanced glycation endproducts in diabetes leads to the crosslinking of proteins and disease complications. Our study sought to demonstrate the effect of commonly consumed juices (pomegranate, cranberry, black cherry, pineapple, apple, and Concord grape) on the fructose-mediated glycation of albumin. Albumin glycation decreased by 98% in the presence of 10 μL of pomegranate juice/mL; other juices inhibited glycation by only 20%. Pomegranate juice produced the greatest inhibition on protein glycation when incubated at both the same phenolic concentration and the same antioxidant potential. Both punicalagin and ellagic acid significantly inhibited the glycation of albumin by ~90% at 5 μg/mL. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that pomegranate, but not apple juice, protected albumin from modification. These results demonstrate that pomegranate juice and two of its major constituents are potent inhibitors of fructose-mediated protein glycation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of Nonenzymatic Protein Glycation by Pomegranate and Other Fruit Juices

Dorsey

Greenspan

2014

Journal of Medicinal Food

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“…Proposed pathways for the conversion of punicalagin to ellagic acid and urolithins in anaerobic fecal suspensions. (Verzelloni et al, 2011), and phenolic catabolites are also reported to have anti-inflammatory effects (Larrosa et al, 2009). FIG.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is evidence linking intake of ellagitannins to health benefits. This finding is based principally on research with pomegranate juice, which contains ellagitannins in the form of punicalins and punicalagin (Aviram et al, 2000;Pantuck et al, 2006;Rosenblat et al, 2006;Belal et al, 2009;Larrosa et al, 2010;Verzelloni et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colonic Catabolism of Ellagitannins, Ellagic Acid, and Raspberry Anthocyanins: In Vivo and In Vitro Studies

González‐Barrio

Edwards²,

Crozier³

2011

Drug Metab Dispos

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170

157

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ABSTRACT:Red raspberries contain principally anthocyanins and ellagitannins. After ingestion of raspberries by humans, trace levels of anthocyanins, absorbed in the upper gastrointestinal tract, are excreted in urine in amounts corresponding to <0.1% of intake. Urine also contains urolithin-O-glucuronides derived from colonic metabolism of the ellagitannins. Raspberry feedings with ileostomists show that substantial amounts of the anthocyanin and ellagitannin intake are excreted in ileal fluid. In subjects with an intact functioning colon, these compounds would pass to the large intestine. The aim of this study was to identify raspberry-derived phenolic acid catabolites that form in the colon and those that are subsequently excreted in urine. In vitro anaerobic incubation of ellagitannins with fecal suspensions demonstrated conversion to ellagic acid and several urolithins. Fecal suspensions converted 80% of added ellagic acid to urolithins. In vivo, urolithins are excreted in urine as O-glucuronides, not aglycones, indicating that the colonic microflora convert ellagitannins to urolithins, whereas glucuronidation occurs in the wall of the large intestine and/or postabsorption in the liver. Unlike ellagitannins, raspberry anthocyanins were converted in vitro to phenolic acids by anaerobic fecal suspensions. Urinary excretion of phenolic acids after ingestion of raspberries indicates that after formation in the colon some phenolic acids undergo phase II metabolism, resulting in the formation of products that do not accumulate when anthocyanins are degraded in fecal suspensions. There is a growing realization that colonic catabolites such as phenolic acids and urolithins may have important roles in the protective effects of a fruit-and vegetablerich diet.

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“…(2) An increase in the antioxidant capacity of caecal content and in the expression of endogenous antioxidant Table 2. Summary of biological effects described for polyphenol metabolites Metabolites Biological effect Reference (2 )-Epicatechin conjugates Effects on flow-mediated vasodilation in human subjects (72) 3-Phenylpropionic acid, 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, 3-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid COX-2 inhibition in HT-29 intestinal cells (73) 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, hydroferulic acid Anti-inflammatory activity in CDD-18 colon fibroblast cells (74) Hydrocaffeic acid Reduction of oxidative stress in DSS-treated rats (74) Urolithin A, urolithin B, dihydroferulic acid Protein glycation inhibition (75) Urolithin A, urolithin B Antiproliferative effects through change in the expression levels of growth factor receptors, oncogenes and tumour suppressors in Caco-2 intestinal cells (76) COX-2, cyclo-oxygenase-2; DSS, dextran sodium sulfate. systems, thus counteracting the tumour-promoting reactive oxygen species (ROS) present in the colon (84,85,89,90) .…”

Section: Gastrointestinal Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-extractable polyphenols, a major dietary antioxidant: occurrence, metabolic fate and health effects

2013

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Current research on dietary antioxidants misses the so-called non-extractable polyphenols (NEPP), which are not significantly released from the food matrix either by mastication, acid pH in the stomach or action of digestive enzymes, reaching the colon nearly intact. NEPP, not detected by the usual analytical procedures, are made up of macromolecules and single phenolic compounds associated with macromolecules. Therefore, NEPP are not included in food and dietary intake data nor in bioavailability, intervention or observational studies. The present paper aims to provide an overview of dietary NEPP -nature, occurrence in diet, metabolic fate and possible health effects. NEPP are a relevant fraction of dietary polyphenols exerting their main biological action in the colon, where they are extensively fermented by the action of microbiota, giving place to absorbable metabolites. NEPP exhibit different potential health-related properties, in particular in relation to gastrointestinal health, such as increases in antioxidant and antiproliferative capacities, reduction of intestinal tumorigenesis and modification of gene expression, as observed in different animal models. Further research into NEPP may provide a better understanding of the health effects of dietary antioxidants.

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Antiglycative and neuroprotective activity of colon‐derived polyphenol catabolites

Cited by 174 publications

References 54 publications

Inhibition of Nonenzymatic Protein Glycation by Pomegranate and Other Fruit Juices

Inhibition of Nonenzymatic Protein Glycation by Pomegranate and Other Fruit Juices

Colonic Catabolism of Ellagitannins, Ellagic Acid, and Raspberry Anthocyanins: In Vivo and In Vitro Studies

Non-extractable polyphenols, a major dietary antioxidant: occurrence, metabolic fate and health effects

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