Antigenic drift between the haemagglutinin of the Hong Kong influenza strains A/Aichi/2/68 and A/Victoria/3/75

Verhoeyen, Martine; Fang, Rongxiang; Jou, Willy Min; Devos, René; Huylebroeck, Danny; Saman, Eric; Fiers, Walter

doi:10.1038/286771a0

Cited by 239 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Five virus strains isolated in 1985 and studied by us previously [8] were included in this figure. [27]. Only positions which drifted from the HA gene of BK1/79 [6] Figure 5 shows the nucleotide changes in the HA genes of nine human influenza A(HlN1) strains isolated between 1986-9 in Japan from that of USSR/77 [16] along with the amino-acid changes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic relationship between the HA genes of type A influenza viruses isolated in off-seasons and later epidemic seasons

et al. 1991

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SUMMARYFrom January 1985 to March 1989, off-season viruses of H1N1 and H3N2 subtypes of influenza A viruses were isolated on five occasions in Japan. The HA gene sequences of the influenza A(H1N1) and A(H3N2) viruses isolated in Japan from 1985–9 were analysed and the phylogenetic tree for each subtype virus was constructed to determine any genetic relationship between viruses isolated in off-seasons and the epidemic viruses of the following influenza seasons. In one instance with H1N1 viruses in 1986 and in two instances with H3N2 viruses in 1985 and 1987, the spring isolates were genetically close to some of the winter isolates and were considered to be the parental viruses of the following influenza seasons. However, even in these cases, influenza viruses of the same subtype with different lineages co-circulated in Japan.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic relationship between the HA genes of type A influenza viruses isolated in off-seasons and later epidemic seasons

et al. 1991

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“…The pXHA/14 recombinant pBR322 plasmid containing a full length copy of the hemagglutinin gene of H3 subtype has been kindly provided by Dr. W. Fiers. The restriction map and the sequence of this plasmid have been previously described (6,15 (17). Recombinant phages were isolated under IPTG induction with X Gal as substrate (18) and further grown for characteri zati on.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of specific single stranded DNA probes cloned in M13 to study the RNA synthesis of four temperature-sensitive mutants of HK/68 influenza virus

Thierry

Danos

1982

Nucl Acids Res

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Specific single stranded DNA probes have been obtained for both influenza virion RNA (vRNA) and complementary RNA (cRNA) by cloning a hemagglutinin gene fragment in the single stranded DNA phage M13. These probes were used for hybridization with the total labeled RNA from cytoplasmic extracts of infected cells. MDCK cells were infected with temperature-sensitive mutants of Influenza HK/68 and the production of the virus specific RNA species was analysed at both permissive and restrictive temperatures. Results show that two NP mutants which undergo intracistronic complementation exhibit two different phenotypes at the non permissive temperature: ts2C is poly A cRNA and vRNA negative whereas ts463 is RNA positive. Two mutants of P genes were also analysed and we discuss the relationship existing between the synthesis of the three RNA species especially between poly A and non poly A cRNA.

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“…Membrane fusion is an essential event in the early stage of influenza virus infection and is mediated by HA following triggers such as tryptic digestion and acidification (Blumenthal et al 2003, Harrison 2008, Verhoeyen et al 1980. The molecular mechanism of HA-mediated membrane fusion has still not been revealed, despite the fact that the structure of HA is well characterized (Bullough et al 1994, Wilson et al 1981.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) is a major envelope glycoprotein of viral particles which mediates binding and membrane fusion between the viral and the target membrane (Blumenthal et al 2003, Harrison 2008, Verhoeyen et al 1980. HA-mediated membrane fusion is believed to involve 3 lipidic intermediates: 1) a lipid-mixing step in which the outer, but not the inner, leaflet of the 2 membranes merge (hemifusion), 2) a content-mixing step in which small aqueous molecules, initially separated by the membranes, can mix (fusion pore formation) and 3) a pore dilation step that allows viral ribonucleoprotein entry into the cytoplasm through the enlarged fusion pore (Blumenthal et al 2003, Harrison 2008, Monck and Fernandez 1996, Verhoeyen et al 1980. HA is a 220 kDa homotrimer, in which each subunit comprises 2 disulfide-linked glycopolypeptides; HA1 (50 kDa) and HA2 (25 kDa).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enlargement of Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin Cytoplasmic Tail by Tagging with an Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein Interferes with Hemagglutinin-mediated Membrane Fusion Prior to the Lipid-mixing Step

et al. 2010

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SummaryThe cytoplasmic tail (CT) of the influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) consists of an amino acid sequence that is highly conserved among various subtypes of the influenza A virus. To study the effect of CT size on HA-mediated membrane fusion, we constructed a cDNA encoding a chimeric protein in which the size of CT of influenza virus HA (from A/Hong Kong/1/68; subtype H3) was enlarged by tagging with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). The EGFP-tagged HA (HA-EGFP) or wild-type HA was individually expressed in HeLa cells, and cell membrane fusion activities were examined using dual-labeled chicken red blood cells. The red blood cells were labeled with both lipidic and aqueous dyes to verify the fusion activity of the HA-EGFP at different steps of the fusion process: 1) lipid-mixing, 2) content-mixing and 3) fusion pore formation. Our data showed that the binding activity of HA towards red blood cells was not affected by enlargement of the CT of HA with EGFP. However, its lipid-mixing, subsequent content-mixing, and fusion pore formation activities were drastically impaired by the enlargement. Therefore, we conclude that CT size is crucial for progression from the binding step to the lipid-mixing step in the process of HAmediated membrane fusion.

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Antigenic drift between the haemagglutinin of the Hong Kong influenza strains A/Aichi/2/68 and A/Victoria/3/75

Cited by 239 publications

References 29 publications

Genetic relationship between the HA genes of type A influenza viruses isolated in off-seasons and later epidemic seasons

Genetic relationship between the HA genes of type A influenza viruses isolated in off-seasons and later epidemic seasons

Use of specific single stranded DNA probes cloned in M13 to study the RNA synthesis of four temperature-sensitive mutants of HK/68 influenza virus

Enlargement of Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin Cytoplasmic Tail by Tagging with an Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein Interferes with Hemagglutinin-mediated Membrane Fusion Prior to the Lipid-mixing Step

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