Antigenic and genetic characterization of <i>Bordetella pertussis</i> recovered from Quebec, Canada, 2002–2014: detection of a genetic shift

Shuel, Michelle; Lefebvre, Brigitte; Whyte, Kathleen; Hayden, Kristy; Serres, Gaston De; Brousseau, Nicholas; Tsang, Raymond S. W.

doi:10.1139/cjm-2015-0781

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…However, this drop in pertactin-negative B. pertussis strains may also be caused, in part, by the wide introduction of new ACV preparations in Japan in 2012 that do not contain pertactin [ 42 ]. It remains unclear why Prn − isolates thrive to various degrees in different territories, exemplified by their rapidly increasing prevalence in Australia [ 32, 43 ] and the USA [ 69, 70 ], but continued low frequency in neighbouring Canada and the UK [ 71 ]. One explanation assumes that differential vaccine preparations and immunization regimens impose different levels of immune pressure on pertactin, dictating a varying need for and availability of possible escape routes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bordetella pertussis population dynamics and phylogeny in Japan after adoption of acellular pertussis vaccines

et al. 2018

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Bordetella pertussis, the causative agent of whooping cough, has experienced a resurgence in the past 15 years, despite the existence of both whole-cell and acellular vaccines. Here, we performed whole genome sequencing analysis of 149 clinical strains, provided by the National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), Japan, isolated in 1982–2014, after Japan became the first country to adopt acellular vaccines against B. pertussis. Additionally, we sequenced 39 strains provided by the Konan Kosei Hospital in Aichi prefecture, Japan, isolated in 2008–2013. The genome sequences afforded insight into B. pertussis genome variability and population dynamics in Japan, and revealed that the B. pertussis population in Japan was characterized by two major clades that divided more than 40 years ago. The pertactin gene was disrupted in about 20 % of the 149 NIID isolates, by either a deletion within the signal sequence (ΔSS) or the insertion of IS element IS481 (prn :: IS481). Phylogeny suggests that the parent clones for these isolates originated in Japan. Divergence dating traced the first generation of the pertactin-deficient mutants in Japan to around 1990, and indicated that strains containing the alternative pertactin allele prn2 may have appeared in Japan around 1974. Molecular clock data suggested that observed fluctuations in B. pertussis population size may have coincided with changes in vaccine usage in the country. The continuing failure to eradicate the disease warrants an exploration of novel vaccine compositions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bordetella pertussis population dynamics and phylogeny in Japan after adoption of acellular pertussis vaccines

et al. 2018

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“…Double FIM-negative isolates have previously been reported in Japan [ 14 ], Canada [ 15 ] and Norway [ 7 ]. Here, we identified nine double-FIM-negative isolates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In murine models, both FHA and FHA/PRN-negative isolates are cytotoxic for macrophages, being lethal at high concentration [23], and were associated with increased expression of other vaccine antigens [24]. Double FIM-negative isolates have previously been reported in Japan [14], Canada [15] and Norway [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Expression of fimbriae is governed by the regulatory bvgAS two component system and by the length of a poly(C) homopolymeric tract located in the promoter of genes fim2 and fim3 [ 13 ]. Usually either FIM2 or FIM3 is produced [ 13 ], sometimes both, but B. pertussis isolates that produce neither FIM2 nor FIM3 have been reported in Norway [ 7 ], Japan [ 14 ] and Canada [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of Bordetella pertussis over a 23-year period in France, 1996 to 2018

et al. 2021

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Background Bordetella pertussis is the main agent of whooping cough. Vaccination with acellular pertussis vaccines has been largely implemented in high-income countries. These vaccines contain 1 to 5 antigens: pertussis toxin (PT), filamentous haemagglutinin (FHA), pertactin (PRN) and/or fimbrial proteins (FIM2 and FIM3). Monitoring the emergence of B. pertussis isolates that might partially escape vaccine-induced immunity is an essential component of public health strategies to control whooping cough. Aim We aimed to investigate temporal trends of fimbriae serotypes and vaccine antigen-expression in B. pertussis over a 23-year period in France (1996–2018). Methods Isolates (n = 2,280) were collected through hospital surveillance, capturing one third of hospitalised paediatric pertussis cases. We assayed PT, FHA and PRN production by Western blot (n = 1,428) and fimbriae production by serotyping (n = 1,058). Molecular events underlying antigen deficiency were investigated by genomic sequencing. Results The proportion of PRN-deficient B. pertussis isolates has increased steadily from 0% (0/38) in 2003 to 48.4% (31/64) in 2018 (chi-squared test for trend, p < 0.0001), whereas only 5 PT-, 5 FHA- and 9 FIM-deficient isolates were found. Impairment of PRN production was predominantly due to IS481 insertion within the prn gene or a 22 kb genomic inversion involving the prn promoter sequence, indicative of convergent evolution. FIM2-expressing isolates have emerged since 2011 at the expense of FIM3. Conclusions B. pertussis is evolving through the rapid increase of PRN-deficient isolates and a recent shift from FIM3 to FIM2 expression. Excluding PRN, the loss of vaccine antigen expression by circulating B. pertussis isolates is epidemiologically insignificant.

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“…Allele typing using select virulence factors has been useful in describing changes across larger evolutionary scales and has been a key tool for associating changes in the B. pertussis population with the introduction of aPs (15)(16)(17). The virulence factor typing scheme historically used for laboratory surveillance in Canada emphasizes Canadian acellular vaccine antigens and takes into account the historical epidemiology and serotyping results (18).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Read Whole-Genome Sequencing for Laboratory-Based Surveillance of Bordetella pertussis

et al. 2017

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Bordetella pertussis is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes respiratory infections in humans. Ongoing molecular surveillance of B. pertussis acellular vaccine (aP) antigens is critical for understanding the interaction between evolutionary pressures, disease pathogenesis, and vaccine effectiveness. Methods currently used to characterize aP components are relatively labor-intensive and low throughput. To address this challenge, we sought to derive aP antigen genotypes from minimally processed short-read whole-genome sequencing data generated from 40 clinical B. pertussis isolates and analyzed using the SRST2 bioinformatic package. SRST2 was able to identify aP antigen genotypes for all antigens with the exception of pertactin, possibly due to low read coverage in GC-rich low-complexity regions of variation. Two main genotypes were observed in addition to a singular third genotype that contained an 84-bp deletion that was identified by SRST2 despite the issues in allele calling. This method has the potential to generate large pools of B. pertussis molecular data that can be linked to clinical and epidemiological information to facilitate research of vaccine effectiveness and disease severity in the context of emerging vaccine antigen-deficient strains.KEYWORDS Bordetella pertussis, DNA sequencing, immunization, molecular methods, surveillance studies B ordetella pertussis is a Gram-negative aerobic bacterium that causes respiratory illness in humans and is commonly referred to as whooping cough. Vaccination is the primary recommended preventative public health intervention, and since the end of the 20th century, vaccination programs in most high-income countries have incorporated acellular component vaccines (aP) as replacements for whole-cell vaccines that have been used for over 60 years, largely due to an improved safety profile (1-5). The aP is the result of decades of research into the immunological properties of B. pertussis and its virulence factors using animal models and in vitro experiments to characterize B. pertussis's mode of infection and pathophysiological effects (6-8). In the context of large and frequent B. pertussis outbreaks and decreasing vaccine effectiveness since the introduction of the aP (albeit to various degrees in different regions), additional research has been conducted to examine how vaccination may be influencing the evolution of B. pertussis and the long-term impact on the effectiveness of B. pertussis vaccines (9-14).Allele typing using select virulence factors has been useful in describing changes across larger evolutionary scales and has been a key tool for associating changes in the B. pertussis population with the introduction of aPs (15-17). The virulence factor typing

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Antigenic and genetic characterization of Bordetella pertussis recovered from Quebec, Canada, 2002–2014: detection of a genetic shift

Cited by 6 publications

References 28 publications

Bordetella pertussis population dynamics and phylogeny in Japan after adoption of acellular pertussis vaccines

Bordetella pertussis population dynamics and phylogeny in Japan after adoption of acellular pertussis vaccines

Evolution of Bordetella pertussis over a 23-year period in France, 1996 to 2018

Short-Read Whole-Genome Sequencing for Laboratory-Based Surveillance of Bordetella pertussis

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