Antigen sparing with adjuvanted inactivated polio vaccine based on Sabin strains

Abstract

Six different adjuvants, each in combination with inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) produced with attenuated Sabin strains (sIPV), were evaluated for their ability to enhance virus neutralizing antibody titers (VNTs) in the rat potency model. The increase of VNTs was on average 3-, 15-, 24-fold with adjuvants after one immunization (serotype 1, 2, and 3, respectively). Also after a boost immunization the VNTs of adjuvanted sIPV were on average another 7- 20- 27 times higher than after two inoculations of sIPV without adjuvant. The results indicate that it is feasible to increase the potency of inactivated polio vaccines by using adjuvants.

Determination of Depth-Dependent Intradermal Immunogenicity of Adjuvanted Inactivated Polio Vaccine Delivered by Microinjections via Hollow Microneedles

“…Determination of the antibody titers able to neutralize wildtype poliovirus serotype 1 was outsourced to Bilthoven Biologicals and performed as previously described (21,22). In short, average virus-neutralizing (VN) antibody titers were measured after pooling of the serum samples of all rats per immunization group.…”

Development and introduction of inactivated poliovirus vaccines derived from Sabin strains in Japan

“…Antigenic characterization of sIPV with epitope-specific monoclonal antibodies revealed that the antigenicity and stability of neutralizing epitopes during the formalin-inactivation process of sIPV are distinct from those of cIPV, and some of the epitopes may be responsible for the overall immunogenicity of sIPV. In general, the immunogenicity of type 1 sIPV is much higher than that of type 1 cIPV, but in contrast, the immunogenicity of type 2 sIPV is lower than that of type 2 cIPV in rat and mouse models [51][52][53][54][55]. For type 3, the immunogenicity is comparable between sIPV and cIPV antigens.…”

“…Overall, clinical studies of sIPV-containing vaccines manufactured by three different institutes showed acceptable immunogenicity in humans, against three poliovirus serotypes (Sabin and wild strains), including type 2 sIPV antigen [58,[81][82][83]96], which was considered to have lower immunogenicity compared with type 2 cIPV antigen in animal models [38,39,[51][52][53][54]99]. However, it should be noted that the antigen contents of sIPV from different manufacturers cannot be directly compared by sDU, due to the current methodological difference in D-antigen ELISA assays among each institute [56].…”

Polio Vaccines: Present and Future

“…На сегодняшний день целый ряд исследовательских групп активно из-учает возможность использования различных стандартных и новых адъювантов в комбинации с вакцинами против полиовируса. Среди обычных адъювантов повышает иммуногенность гидрок-сид алюминия [121,122]. Сейчас изучаются и но-вые адъюванты, такие как эмульсии типа «масло в воде» [123] и агонисты толл-подобных рецепто-ров и других элементов неспецифичной иммунной защиты.…”