Antigen Presentation in Protein-Energy Malnutrition

Redmond, H. P.; Gallagher, H. J.; Shou, Jian; Daly, J.M.

doi:10.1006/cimm.1995.1101

Cited by 39 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…Studies relating AIDS patients to opportunistic infections have shown that HAART has contributed to HIV infection control and to the reconstitution of patient immune systems, leading to a reduction in the occurrence of opportunistic infections, including those caused by intestinal parasites (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The relationship between infections caused by intestinal parasites and some nutritional indicators has been proven in numerous studies involving nutritional status, infection prevalence and intensity (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). Malnutrition has a serious influence on immunity aspects, including the production of cytokines and antibodies, particularly Th2 profile (21)(22)(23). Recent research has also reported that intestinal helminth infections result in immune responses that involve cytokines produced by Th2 cells, with IgE production, eosinophilia, and mastocytosis (24)(25)(26)(27).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intestinal parasitic infections in HIV/AIDS patients: epidemiological, nutritional and immunological aspects

Amâncio¹,

Pascotto²,

Souza³

et al. 2012

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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This study applied a socioeconomic questionnaire designed to evaluate the frequency of intestinal parasites and characterize epidemiological, nutritional, and immunological variables in 105 HIV/AIDS patients -with and without parasitic infections, attending the Day Hospital in Botucatu, UNESP, from 2007 to 2008. Body mass index was calculated and the following tests performed: parasitological stool examinations; eosinophil, IgE, CD4 + T and CD8 + T lymphocyte cell counts; albumin test; viral load measure; and TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-5 and IL-10 cytokine levels. Results were positive for parasitic intestinal infections in 12.4% of individuals. Most patients had good socioeconomic conditions with basic sanitation, urban dwellings, treated water supply and sewage, good nutritional and immunological status and were undergoing HAART. Parasites were found at the following frequencies: Entamoeba -five patients (38.5%), Giardia lamblia -four (30.7%), Blastocystis hominis -three (23.0%), Endolimax nana -two (15.4%), and Ascaris lumbricoides -one (7.7%). There were no significant differences between the two groups for eosinophils, albumin, IgE, CD4 + T and CD8 + T lymphocytes, INF-γ, IL-2, or IL-10. Most patients also showed undetectable viral load levels. Significant differences were found for TNF-α and IL-5. These results show the importance of new studies on immunodeficient individuals to increase understanding of such variables.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal parasitic infections in HIV/AIDS patients: epidemiological, nutritional and immunological aspects

Amâncio¹,

Pascotto²,

Souza³

et al. 2012

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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show abstract

“…A diminuição na apresentação de antígenos para linfócitos T (MCCARTER, 1998;FOK et al, 2007) tem sido relacionada ao aumento na incidência de infecções, quando se observa, também, deficiência na função macrofágica (MCCARTER et al, 1998;CORTEZ-BARBARENA et al 2008), sendo relatadas várias alterações funcionais neste tipo celular, tais como diminuição de fagocitose (REDMOND et al, 1995;VASQUEZ-GARIBAY et al, 2004), de capacidade microbicida (REDMOND et al 1991a;NIIYA et al, 2007), produção do ânion superóxido (REDMOND et al 1991a;WALRAND et al, 2001), produção de citocinas (REDMOND et al, 1995;CEDEHOLM e GILLENHAMMAR, 1999) e expressão da molécula de classe II do MHC (COZEN e JANEWAY, 1988;REDMOND, 1995;ZHANG, 2005).…”

Section: Desnutrição E óRgãos Linfóides Secundáriosunclassified

“…Foi descrita reduzida capacidade de produção de citocinas como IL-1, IL-6 e TNF-α (REDMOND et al, 1995;CUNNINGHAM-RUNDLES et al, 2005) e IFN-γ (DOHERTY et al 1994;CALDER e KEW, 2002;RODRIGUEZ et al, 2005). Estes dados, no entanto, foram obtidos em amostras de indivíduos desnutridos que incluíam aqueles portadores de algum tipo de infecção, podendo este fato explicar a discrepância em relação aos outros resultados descritos.…”

Section: Desnutrição E óRgãos Linfóides Secundáriosunclassified

“…Em países industrializados também são descritos casos de desnutrição, porém com maior acometimento de idosos (REDMOND et al, 1991b, REDMOND et al, 1991c. A relação entre estado nutricional e incidência de infecções do trato respiratório superior foi e ainda é demonstrada em inúmeros estudos epidemiológicos (ZAMAN et al, 1996), sendo mesmo aceito que, apesar do advento da Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida, a desnutrição protéico-calórica ainda seja a principal causa de imunossupressão e imunodepressão no mundo (REDMOND et al, 1995). Uma das formas de expressão da relação desnutrição e sistema imunológico amplamente descrita se baseia em alterações observadas em componentes estruturais do sistema imunológico, como o timo (MCMURRAY, 1984, BARONE et al, 1993.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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