Antigen delivery by attenuated Bacillus anthracis: new prospects in veterinary vaccines

Brossier, Fabien; Mock, Michèle; Sirard, Jean‐Claude

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2672.1999.00895.x

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…The feasibility of expressing foreign proteins in strain RB51 makes it a strong candidate vector for the development of a live, attenuated multivalent vaccine that can provide simultaneous protection against brucellosis and infection with heterologous pathogens, such as Mycobacterium spp. Recently, several attenuated bacterial strains, including B. abortus strain 19, have been used for the expression of heterologous proteins (8,11,12,17,38,41). However, strain RB51 has many advantages over all other live bacterial vectors for use in several domestic and wild animals where vaccination against brucellosis is required.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brucella abortusStrain RB51 as a Vector for Heterologous Protein Expression and Induction of Specific Th1 Type Immune Responses

Vemulapalli

Boyle

et al. 2000

Infect Immun

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Brucella abortus strain RB51 is a stable, rough, attenuated mutant widely used as a live vaccine for bovine brucellosis. Our ultimate goal is to develop strain RB51 as a preferential vector for the delivery of protective antigens of other intracellular pathogens to which the induction of a strong Th1 type of immune response is needed for effective protection. As a first step in that direction, we studied the expression of a foreign reporter protein, ␤-galactosidase of Escherichia coli, and the 65-kDa heat shock protein (HSP65) of Mycobacterium bovis in strain RB51. We cloned the promoter sequences of Brucella sodC and groE genes in pBBR1MCS to generate plasmids pBBSODpro and pBBgroE, respectively. The genes for ␤-galactosidase (lacZ) and HSP65 were cloned in these plasmids and used to transform strain RB51. An enzyme assay in the recombinant RB51 strains indicated that the level of ␤-galactosidase expression is higher under the groE promoter than under the sodC promoter. In strain RB51 containing pBBgroE/lacZ, but not pBBSODpro/lacZ, increased levels of ␤-galactosidase expression were observed after subjecting the bacteria to heat shock or following internalization into macrophage-like J774A.1 cells. Mice vaccinated with either of the ␤-galactosidase-expressing recombinant RB51 strains developed specific antibodies of predominantly the immunoglobulin G2a (IgG2a) isotype, and in vitro stimulation of their splenocytes with ␤-galactosidase induced the secretion of gamma interferon (IFN-␥), but not interleukin-4 (IL-4). A Th1 type of immune response to HSP65, as indicated by the presence of specific serum IgG2a, but not IgG1, antibodies, and IFN-␥, but not IL-4, secretion by the specific-antigen-stimulated splenocytes, was also detected in mice vaccinated with strain RB51 containing pBBgroE/hsp65. Studies with mice indicated that expression of ␤-galactosidase or HSP65 did not alter either the attenuation characteristics of strain RB51 or its vaccine efficacy against B. abortus 2308 challenge.Brucella abortus is a faculatatively intracellular, gram-negative bacterial pathogen that can cause abortion in pregnant cattle and undulant fever in humans (1). In the infected host, B. abortus multiplies within the endosomes of phagocytic cells by inhibiting the phago-lysosome fusion (13). Rough mutants which do not contain the O antigen (O polysaccharide chain of the smooth lipopolysaccharide) are attenuated in their virulence compared to their smooth virulent parent B. abortus strains (3, 24, 30, 39). Similar to most of the intracellular bacterial infections, cell-mediated immunity (CMI) appears to play a major role in acquired resistance to brucellosis, although antibodies to surface antigens, especially to the O antigen, can confer a certain level of protection against a challenge infection in some host species, such as mice (4, 5, 13). Attenuated, live B. abortus vaccines have been highly successful in protecting against bovine brucellosis. Recent studies demonstrated that B. abortus induces a Th1 type of immune responses...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brucella abortusStrain RB51 as a Vector for Heterologous Protein Expression and Induction of Specific Th1 Type Immune Responses

Vemulapalli

Boyle

et al. 2000

Infect Immun

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“…Despite the availability of a safe and effective animal vaccine, a recently proposed model for the global distribution and suitability of anthrax found that most livestock and wildlife at risk of exposure are not vaccinated [26]. This may be due to the fact that most commercial animal vaccines use the same formulation developed by Max Sterne in 1939 which is outdated, can cause adverse reactions, requires yearly boosters and requires refrigerated storage [27,28]. The most prominent reason, however, is because the existing method of subcutaneous injection with the Sterne vaccine is not a feasible method of vaccination for free-ranging livestock and wildlife, so many anthrax vaccine reviews have called for a new anthrax vaccine, specifically an oral anthrax vaccine [8,12,27].…”

Section: Open Access Freely Available Onlinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This may be due to the fact that most commercial animal vaccines use the same formulation developed by Max Sterne in 1939 which is outdated, can cause adverse reactions, requires yearly boosters and requires refrigerated storage [27,28]. The most prominent reason, however, is because the existing method of subcutaneous injection with the Sterne vaccine is not a feasible method of vaccination for free-ranging livestock and wildlife, so many anthrax vaccine reviews have called for a new anthrax vaccine, specifically an oral anthrax vaccine [8,12,27]. Sharing in that opinion are ranch managers in the Edwards Plateau region of Texas who cannot practically vaccinate all of their animals by injection, so some have improvised by pouring the Sterne vaccine over feed, even doing so every other week for the entire spring before the typical anthrax season by one account.…”

Section: Open Access Freely Available Onlinementioning

confidence: 99%

Bacillus anthracis Sterne Strain 34f2 Vaccine Antibody Dose Response by Subcutaneous and Oral Administration

Benn¹,

Chaki²,

Ficht³

et al. 2019

Poult Fish Wildl Sci

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Anthrax (Bacillus anthracis) is a zoonotic disease endemic to environments worldwide. Spores, the dormant form of the bacteria, can survive for decades in nature's harshest environments and maintain their viability to cause disease. Outbreaks are common in free-ranging livestock and wildlife, thus making anthrax an economically and ecologically important disease. The currently available vaccine to protect livestock is a suspension of B. anthracis Sterne Strain 34F2 spores in saponin (Sterne vaccine). However, it is only available as a subcutaneous injection which is an impractical method of prevention for wildlife. Oral vaccination is the ideal method for free-ranging wildlife, but the Sterne vaccine has never been thoroughly evaluated for oral administration. The current study evaluated the antibody titers induced in mice by subcutaneous or oral vaccination with three different doses of the Sterne vaccine. Results described here show a gradual increase in antibody titers at each time point following subcutaneous vaccination with all vaccine doses. In contrast, no antibody response was detected from any dose or any time point after oral vaccination. Taken together, these results suggest that the Sterne vaccine is only effective as a subcutaneous injection and that an alternate oral anthrax vaccine formulation must be developed to allow for efficient vaccination of free-ranging livestock and wildlife.

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“…However, due to toxin production this live vaccine Sterne strain can still elicit severe side effects such as fever, severe oedema or even death. Recently, the Steme strain was manipulated in order to decrease the virulence of the vaccine and it was shown that attenuated B. anthracis can be used for the design of new live vaccines against other veterinary diseases by expressing a foreign antigen (Brossier et al, 1999).…”

Section: Gram-positive Bacteria Used Us Antigen Delivery Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Frontiers in the Production of Compounds for Biomedical Use

Broekhoven¹,

Shapiro²,

Anne³

2002

Focus on Biotechnology

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COLOPHON Focus onBiotechnology is an open-ended series of reference volumes produced for Kluwer Academic Publishers BV in co-operation with the Branche Belge de la Société de Chimie Industrielle a.s.b.l.The initiative has been taken in conjunction with the Ninth European Congress on Biotechnology.The present book entitled "Novel Frontiers in the Production of Compounds for Biomedical Uses" can perhaps be placed in its best perspective by the Shakespearean character in The Tempest who exclaimed" What's past is prologue". Indeed, this compilation of some of the outstanding presentations in the field of biomedicine made at the 9 th European Congress on Biotechnology (Brussels, Belgium, July 11-15, 1999) not only reflects the achievements of the recent past, but provides a privileged glimpse of the biotechnology that is emerging in the first decade of the new Millennium.It is becoming increasingly apparent that biotechnology is offering biomedicine novel approaches and solutions to develop a sorely needed new generation of biopharmaceuticals. This is all the more necessary because in recent years, new diseases have emerged with extraordinary lethality in all corners of the globe, while age-related chronic illnesses have filled the gap wherever biomedicine has made successful inroads. The rise of antibiotic resistance also poses major threats to public health. Thus, as disease patterns evolve, the rational development of new drugs is becoming urgent, not only for the clinical outcome of patients, but also in optimising the allocation of scarce health care resources through the use of cost-effective productions methods. It is in response to all these challenges that biotechnology offers new strategies that go beyond the more traditional approaches.By the mid-1990's, the number of recombinant products approved annually for therapeutic use reached double digits. With the advent of the genomics revolution. coupled with proteomics, bioinformatics, high-throughput screening, and microelectronics, the number of potential bioproducts entering clinical trials will surely grow almost exponentially. The improved availability of structural and functional biochemical information, together with rational drug design, will also help fill the drug development pipeline. And it should certainly not be forgotten that the increasing demand for recombinant compounds necessitates improved production systems.In order to better focus on the challenges at hand, the Editors have striven to adopt an integrative approach by selecting contributions linking genomics with bacterial resistance, antibiotics with improved production strategies, optimised production approaches with chemical development programs, chemical modifications with new antibody derivatives and biomaterials, the relation between bioartificial organs and xenotransplantation, apoptosis and process biotechnology, etc. It should be readily apparent from these chapters that the development of truly novel compounds for biomedical use not only requires leading-edge science and technolog...

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Antigen delivery by attenuated Bacillus anthracis: new prospects in veterinary vaccines

Cited by 16 publications

References 18 publications

Brucella abortusStrain RB51 as a Vector for Heterologous Protein Expression and Induction of Specific Th1 Type Immune Responses

Brucella abortusStrain RB51 as a Vector for Heterologous Protein Expression and Induction of Specific Th1 Type Immune Responses

Bacillus anthracis Sterne Strain 34f2 Vaccine Antibody Dose Response by Subcutaneous and Oral Administration

Novel Frontiers in the Production of Compounds for Biomedical Use

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