Antifungal susceptibility profiles of Candida isolates from a prospective survey of invasive fungal infections in Italian intensive care units

Özveren

Jundishapur J Microbiol

et al. 2018

Background: Prophylactic and therapeutic uses of antifungal agents have given rise to a significant shift to more resistant nonalbicans Candida species associated with fungal infections. Objectives: This study aimed at identifying the distribution and antifungal susceptibility patterns of non-albicans Candida spp. isolated from clinical specimens in Tokat, Turkey. Methods: The authors determined the susceptibility of 103 non-albicans Candida isolates to the following antifungal agents: amphotericin B, anidulafungin, caspofungin, fluconazole, ketoconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole, using the Etest method. Interpretation of susceptibility was carried out using species specific breakpoints suggested by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M27-S4 document. Results:The most frequently isolated non-albicans Candida species were Candida kefyr (44 isolates, 42.8%) followed by C. tropicalis (36 isolates, 35%), C. parapsilosis (17 isolates, 16.5%), C. glabrata (four isolates, 3.8%) and C. famata (two isolates, 1.9%). None of the strains

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

In Vitro Susceptibilities of Non-albicans Candida Species to Echinocandins, Azoles, and Amphotericin B in Tokat, Turkey

Özveren

Jundishapur J Microbiol

et al. 2018

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

“…There have been, however, increases in HI caused by non-C. albicans Candida (NCAC) species such as C. tropicalis, C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis, and C. krusei [6][7][8] . The occurrence of infections caused by these yeasts is relevant to HI vigilance because these micro-organisms have varying virulence attributes and profi les of antifungal drug sensitivity, including recent reports of resistance to the principal antifungal drugs currently administered in hospitals 9,10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifungal susceptibility and distribution of Candida spp. isolates from the University Hospital in the municipality of Dourados, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Almeida

Shinobu-Mesquita

Svidzinski

et al. 2013

Introduction: Hospital infections caused by Candida spp. are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients, particularly those that are critically ill or immunocompromised. In this study, the distributio n of Candida species in isolates from the University Hospital of the Federal University at Grande Dourados and their in vitro susceptibility to antifungal drugs were analyzed. Methods: Yeasts were phenotypically identifi ed using classical methodologies. Antifungal susceptibility tests to amphotericin B and fl uconazole were performed using the broth microdilution technique. Results: A total of 50 Candida isolates were obtained from hospitalized patients during the study period. We analyzed yeast isolates from urine (n=31; 62%), blood (n=12; 24%), and tracheal secretions (n=7; 14%). The following Candida species were identifi ed: C. tropicalis (n=21; 42%), C. albicans (n=18; 36%), C. glabrata (n=10; 20%), and C. krusei (n=1; 2%). Antifungal susceptibility tests demonstrated that C. albicans was susceptible to both antifungal agents. However, 31.2% of the non-C. albicans Candida isolates displayed dose-dependent susceptibility to fl uconazole, and 3.1% were resistant to amphotericin B. Conclusions: In contrast to previous reports, our results indicated that C. tropicalis was the most commonly isolated yeast species among the hospital patients. The predominance of non-C. albicans Candida infections confi rms the importance of species-level identifi cation for implementing appropriate antifungal therapies.

Journal of Medical Microbiology

“…Candida species can cause various clinical manifestations ranging from superficial to systemic candidiasis in either immunocompetent or immunocompromised hosts (Garcia-Hermoso et al, 2007;Odds et al, 2007;Pfaller & Diekema 2007;Fesharaki et al, 2013). Infections due to C. albicans are an important cause of morbidity and mortality among hospitalized patients who have been admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) and in oncology wards worldwide (Bougnoux et al, 2006(Bougnoux et al, , 2008Horn et al, 2009;Tortorano et al, 2012;Sardi et al, 2013). Burn patients are especially susceptible to Candida infections because they have most of the risk factors for hospital-acquired fungal infections, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilocus sequence typing of Candida albicans isolates from a burn intensive care unit in Iran

Afsarian

Badali

Boekhout

et al. 2015

Burn intensive care unit (BICU) patients are specifically exposed to deep-seated nosocomial infections due to Candida albicans. Superficial carriage of C. albicans is a potential source of infection and dissemination, and typing methods could be useful to trace the different isolates. Multilocus sequence typing is a powerful genotyping method for pathogenic micro-organisms, including Candida albicans. Thirty clinical isolates of C. albicans obtained from 22 patients that were admitted to the BICU from a burn hospital at Sari, Mazandaran state, Iran, were studied epidemiologically by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Seventy-five variable nucleotide sites were found. Sixty-two alleles were identified among the seven loci of the C. albicans isolates and one new allele was obtained. Eighteen diploid sequence types (DSTs) were identified, and among those 10 were new. These isolates belonged to nine clonal clusters (CCs) while two isolates occurred as singletons. Eleven (36.7 %) isolates belonged to CC 124 after eBURST analysis and 13 isolates (43.3 %) were assigned to clade 4. Approximately 17 % of the 30 isolates belonged to clade 1 (CC 69 and CC 766). Isolates from several patients with burns were found to be related genetically. Some patients yielded multiple isolates with identical DSTs, suggesting colonization or infection caused by cross-contamination between patients. Isolates that show identical or similar allelic profiles are presumed to be identical or closely related and may be used to evaluate the genetic relationships between isolates from a specific environment such as the BICU.