Antifungal Resistance in Dermatophytes: Genetic Considerations, Clinical Presentations and Alternative Therapies

Sacheli, Rosalie; Hayette, Marie‐Pierre

doi:10.3390/jof7110983

Cited by 64 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…9 The highest numbers are found in Germany with stray reports from France, Belgium and Switzerland. 8,9,[26][27][28] Its presence has been noted in China too. 29 Indian dermatologists in certain parts of the country see many Indian patients coming from Africa and a majority of them give a history of steroid misuse as steroid-antifungal fixed dose combination creams are freely available over the counter there, as is seen in the Indian subcontinent and in the Middle East Asian countries.…”

Section: Trichophyton Mentagrophytes Genotype Viii/ Trichophyton Indo...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichophyton mentagrophytes ITS genotype VIII and Trichophyton indotineae: A terminological maze, or is it?

Nenoff¹,

Uhrlaß²,

Verma³

et al. 2022

IJDVL

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Section: Trichophyton Mentagrophytes Genotype Viii/ Trichophyton Indo...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichophyton mentagrophytes ITS genotype VIII and Trichophyton indotineae: A terminological maze, or is it?

Nenoff¹,

Uhrlaß²,

Verma³

et al. 2022

IJDVL

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“…Within Europe, the majority of non-Indian patients with tinea caused by this species have been reported in Germany ( Figure 2 ) [ 7 ]. Furthermore, dermatophytoses due to T. indotineae has been described in France [ 8 , 9 ], Belgium [ 10 ], Switzerland [ 11 ], Greece [ 12 ], Denmark [ 13 ], China, Australia, Canada [ 14 , 15 ], and recently, in Vietnam [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichophyton indotineae—An Emerging Pathogen Causing Recalcitrant Dermatophytoses in India and Worldwide—A Multidimensional Perspective

Uhrlaß¹,

Verma²,

Gräser

et al. 2022

JoF

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Trichophyton (T.) indotineae is a newly identified dermatophyte species that has been found in a near-epidemic form on the Indian subcontinent. There is evidence of its spread from the Indian subcontinent to a number of countries worldwide. The fungus is identical to genotype VIII within the T. mentagrophytes/T. interdigitale species complex, which was described in 2019 by sequencing the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal DNA of the dermatophyte. More than 10 ITS genotypes of T. interdigitale and T. mentagrophytes can now be identified. T. indotineae causes inflammatory and itchy, often widespread, dermatophytosis affecting the groins, gluteal region, trunk, and face. Patients of all ages and genders are affected. The new species has largely displaced other previously prevalent dermatophytes on the Indian subcontinent. T. indotineae has become a problematic dermatophyte due to its predominantly in vitro genetic resistance to terbinafine owing to point mutations of the squalene epoxidase gene. It also displays in vivo resistance to terbinafine. The most efficacious drug currently available for this terbinafine-resistant dermatophytoses, based on sound evidence, is itraconazole.

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“…Over the past 20 years, terbinafine-resistant strains of Trichophyton spp. have emerged in India, and 13% of these isolates are also resistant to azoles 21 , 22 .…”

Section: Introduction and Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of antimicrobial resistance in medical mycology

et al. 2022

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Prior to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, antibiotic resistance was listed as the major global health care priority. Some analyses, including the O’Neill report, have predicted that deaths due to drug-resistant bacterial infections may eclipse the total number of cancer deaths by 2050. Although fungal infections remain in the shadow of public awareness, total attributable annual deaths are similar to, or exceeds, global mortalities due to malaria, tuberculosis or HIV. The impact of fungal infections has been exacerbated by the steady rise of antifungal drug resistant strains and species which reflects the widespread use of antifungals for prophylaxis and therapy, and in the case of azole resistance in Aspergillus, has been linked to the widespread agricultural use of antifungals. This review, based on a workshop hosted by the Medical Research Council and the University of Exeter, illuminates the problem of antifungal resistance and suggests how this growing threat might be mitigated.

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Antifungal Resistance in Dermatophytes: Genetic Considerations, Clinical Presentations and Alternative Therapies

Cited by 64 publications

References 57 publications

Trichophyton mentagrophytes ITS genotype VIII and Trichophyton indotineae: A terminological maze, or is it?

Trichophyton mentagrophytes ITS genotype VIII and Trichophyton indotineae: A terminological maze, or is it?

Trichophyton indotineae—An Emerging Pathogen Causing Recalcitrant Dermatophytoses in India and Worldwide—A Multidimensional Perspective

The importance of antimicrobial resistance in medical mycology

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