Antifungal potential of essential oils from two varieties of Citrus sinensis (lima orange and bahia navel orange) in postharvest control of Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb.: Fr.) Vuill.

Abstract

Brazil, the world's largest citros producer, yields around 19 million tons per year and exports most part of its production as orange juice. Essential oils (EOs) extracted from leaves, fruit and flowers of many species of the genus Citrus have been widely used as the result of their promising bioactivities. The fungus Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb.) Vuill., an agent which causes soft rot in fruit, has been considered one of the main factors that cause postharvest diseases, thus, leading to major economic losses in agribusiness. This research aimed at evaluating the chemical composition and in vitro antifungal effect of EOs from two varieties of fresh Citrus sinensis (lima orange and bahia navel orange) peel on mycelial growth of R. stolonifer. EOs were obtained by hydrodistillation, which was carried out by a Clevenger-type apparatus, while their chemical composition was analyzed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Limonene was the major monoterpene identified in EOs from lima orange (95.2%) and bahia navel orange (93.2%) peel. EOs from lima orange and bahia navel orange inhibited 91.95% and 80.05% mycelial growth of R. stolonifer, respectively, at the highest dose under evaluation (100 µL). This study revealed the biotechnological potential of EOs extracted from fruit peel of two varieties of citros which may applied to biofilm preparation, so as to coat and preserve different types of fruit.

In Vitro and In Vivo Antifungal Activities of Nine Commercial Essential Oils against Brown Rot in Apples

“…The present investigation found that C. sinensis EO significantly inhibited both Monilinia species, with a proportion greater than 90%. Additional studies have found that C. sinensis EO [69], other C. sinensis kinds EOs (Bahia navel orange and lima orange) [70], and commercial C. sinensis EOs have a good antifungal potential against a variety of infections [71]. Essential oils from other citrus species, on the other hand, have been found to suppress fungal infections of grapevine wood [72].…”

Inhibitory Activity Test of Essential Oils Made from Pomelo, Sweet Orange, and Lime Fruit Peels Against Pathogenic Fungal Growth as an Antifungal in Animal Feed Ingredients

“…Essential oils, including those derived from citrus peels, can be used as antimicrobials, including antifungals [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Table 1 demonstrates that Lime peel essential oil concentration was more diverse and higher in % than Pomelo and Sweet orange peels.…”

Promising antifungal activity of two varieties of Capsicum chinense against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Rhizopus stolonifer and Colletotrichum goleosporoides

“…The one that causes the disease known as white mold and attacks soybean crops is S. sclerotiorum (Silva et al, 2019). R. stolonifer damages mainly fruit since it causes the post-harvest disease known as soft rot (Rezende et al, 2020). C. gloeosporioides causes anthracnose, the post-harvest disease that leads to fruit rot, which affects several fruit, such as mango, avocado and passion fruit), and prevents commercialization (Gomes et al, 2021).…”