Antifungal metabolites from Schinopsis balansae Engl (Anacardiaceae): isolation, identification and evidences of their mode of action on Fusarium graminearum Schwabe

Abstract

An antifungal activity-directed fractionation of leaf constituents from Schinopsis balansae on Fusarium graminearum yielded a fraction mainly made of a mixture of four 3-n-heptadec(en)ylcatechols (PALK). The PALK fraction showed on macroconidia germination a MIC value of 500 μg/mL which was twofold higher than that required for prothioconazole (MIC = 250 μg/mL). Sublethal concentrations of PALK modify the morphogenesis in germinating macroconidia, and decreased fungal production of HO and deoxynivalenol biosynthesis at early fungal growth. Mixes of PALK and prothioconazole showed a synergic interaction. Our findings suggest that PALK constituents might restrict the adherence of F. graminearum to the surface of its hosts and its virulence on susceptible cereals. They deserve further research as additives of azole fungicides against F. graminearum.

Comparative Analysis of Leaf Architecture and Histochemistry in Schinus fasciculatus and S. gracilipes (Anacardiaceae)

“…In the case of tannins and flavonoids, they possess UV-absorbing and antioxidant properties that not only protect plants from excessive radiation but also counteract the release of oxidating free radicals occurring under extreme environmental conditions [41]. The histochemical analysis confirm ed the previously reported high presence of phenolic compounds and terpenoids in the leaves of S. gracilipes and S. fasciculatus reported by our group [6,8,42]. Furthermore, it may contribute to optimize leaf extraction of specific bioactive constituents.…”

Histochemical localization of urushiols in stems and leaflets of Schinopsis lorentzii and S. marginata using diazonium salts

“…These constituents, also known as urushiols, likely have a phytoanticipin role in vivo. They showed antifungal activity against fungi of the genus Fusarium (Aristimuño Ficoseco et al, 2017), Alternaria (Harborne, 1999) and Helmintosporium (Anaya et al, 1999), and act as deterrents of hemiptera insects (Aguilar-Ortigosa and Sosa, 2004;Suchan and Alvarez, 2015). Current findings suggest that in the Rhoeae tribe the tissular localization of urushiols can be species specific.…”

Antifungals from forest trees: Usefulness in the control of etiological agents of late season soybean diseases

“…Antifungal bands were visualised in the TLC chromatograms under ultraviolet light (254 and 366 nm), and after spraying with p ‐anisaldehyde/glacial acetic acid/methanol/sulphuric acid (0.5:10:85:5) and exposure to 105°C. Each bioautography was performed in triplicate (Aristimuño Ficoseco et al, ).…”