Antifungal effects of six herbal extracts against Aspergillus sp. and compared to amphotericin B and nystatin

Abstract

Aspergillus is a filamentous fungus of wide distribution having widespread species diversity. Among pathogenic species of Aspergillus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, and Aspergillus flavus are regarded as the most important pathogenic agents. The aim of this research is to study the antifungal effects of Artemisia dracunculus L, Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch, Bunium persicum, Cuminum cyminum L, Zataria multiflora Boiss, and Satureja hortensis extracts against Aspergillus Sp. The herbal extracts were prepared using maceration method. 50gr of ground plant was introduced into a 1-litre flask and macerated with 400ml of 70% ethanol for 24h and then was shaken on shaker. Afterwards, different concentrations of the extract were prepared in dimethyl sulfoxide solvent (DMSO). The extracts were filtered and sterilized. Suspension of each fungus was separately prepared with 1×10 6 CFU/ml concentration. The antifungal effects of the extracts were measured through NCCLS protocols and Broth dilution method. The control and comparison were done between the antifungal effects of the mentioned herbal extracts and Amphotericin B and Nystatin. The results indicated that the range of MIC and MFC values of these drugs was significantly higher (p≤0.05) compared to the prepared herbal extracts of different dilutions and control group of drug solvent, too. Results showed that the extracts of all herbal extracts have antifungal properties against Aspergillus sp.

Investigation of Anti-Inflammatory Properties, Phytochemical Constituents, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Potentials of the Whole Plant Ethanolic Extract of Achillea santolinoides subsp. wilhelmsii (K. Koch) Greuter of Balochistan

“…Previously, Amjad et al [49] reported that the methanolic extract of Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch flowers has excellent antifungal activity against 20 Candida albicans strains. In contrast to the current work, Tajehmiri et al [50] found that three fungal species Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, and Aspergillus flavus were susceptible to A. wilhelmsii extract. Antimicrobial activity of Achillea wilhelmsii extract was also investigated by Bashi et al [28], and their findings showed no obvious inhibitory effect on Aspergillus niger.…”

Untangling the multi-regime molecular mechanism of verbenol-chemotype Zingiber officinale essential oil against Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxin B1

“…The commercial antifungal drug amphotericin B has been selected for the comparative study of molecular docking results. MIC of amphotericin B (1.8 µl/ml) 39 was comparatively higher than the ZOEO (0.6 µl/ml) (Fig. 2 a) A comparative study of binding energy, inhibition constant and ligand efficiency has been shown in Table 3 .…”

Review of herbal medicine works in the avian species

“…[ 49 ] showed that Spinacia oleracea extracts were effective antifungals by diminishing the conidia of toxigenic A. flavus . The extracts had 19.6% saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, alkaloids, and glycosides and the antifungal properties of the extracts of Artemisia dracunculus , Achillea wilhelmsii , Bunium persicum , C. cyminum , Zataria multiflora Boiss, and Satureja hortensis were studied against A. niger , A. fumigatus , A. flavus [ 50 ], and Candida albicans [ 51 ]. Among the extracts tested, A. wilhelmsii and Z. multiflora Boiss were the most effective antifungals.…”