Antifungal antibiotics

Gupte, P. Kulkarni M.

doi:10.1007/s002530100822

Cited by 92 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Cell free extracts of CBL-Cr grown in the presence of Cr illustrated reduction of 70%, 45.6% and 27.4% at concentrations of 10, 50 and 100 lg Cr 6+ /mL, respectively. Ganguli and Tripathi (2002) reported that Pseudomonas aeruginosa cells reduced chromate 10 lg/ mL completely within 2 h. Hexavalent chromium was reduced to undetectable level from 10 lg/mL.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromium Tolerance and Reduction Potential of a Bacillus sp.ev3 Isolated from Metal Contaminated Wastewater

Rehman

Ahmed

Muneer

et al. 2008

Bull Environ Contam Toxicol

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This study was aimed at assessing the ability of Bacillus sp.ev3 to reduce hexavalent chromium into its trivalent form. Bacillus sp.ev3 could tolerate Cr(6+) (4800 microg/mL), Pb(2+) (800 microg/mL), Cu(2+) (200 microg/mL), Cd(2+) (50 microg/mL), Zn(2+) (400 microg/mL), Ni(2+) (4000 microg/mL) and Hg(2+) (50 microg/mL). Bacillus sp.ev3 showed optimum growth at 37 degrees C and pH at 7. Bacillus sp.ev3 could reduce 91% of chromium from the medium after 96 h and was also capable to reduce 84% chromium from the industrial effluents after 144 h. Cell free extracts of Bacillus sp.ev3 grown in the presence of Cr showed reduction of 70%, 45.6% and 27.4% at concentrations of 10 microg Cr(6+)/mL, 50 microg Cr(6+)/mL and 100 microg Cr(6+)/mL, respectively.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromium Tolerance and Reduction Potential of a Bacillus sp.ev3 Isolated from Metal Contaminated Wastewater

Rehman

Ahmed

Muneer

et al. 2008

Bull Environ Contam Toxicol

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“…Bacteroidetes encodes 3976 carbohydrate-active enzymes, which are essential for macromolecular metabolism [61]. Although some Actinobacteria can cause human diseases, some strains, particularly Streptomyces spp., can metabolize certain drugs to produce many biologically active metabolites, thereby playing a role in antibacterial [62], antiviral, and immune regulation [63]. Certain Verrucomicrobia are able to metabolize sulfur and degrade mucins [64].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absorption of Codonopsis pilosula Saponins by Coexisting Polysaccharides Alleviates Gut Microbial Dysbiosis with Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Model Mice

Jing

Liu

et al. 2018

BioMed Research International

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Objectives Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is an autoimmune disease, and the gut microbiota has become a new therapeutic target. Herbal medicine (HM) has shown good efficacy in the clinical treatment of IBD; however, the synergistic actions of the dominant chemicals in HM decoctions are unclear. Methods In this study, we explored whether the complicated interconnections between HM and the gut microbiota could allow crosstalk between HM ingredients. Saponins and polysaccharides, i.e., the dominant chemicals in the Codonopsis pilosula Nannf (CPN) decoction, were investigated in a dextran sulfate sodium- (DSS-) induced mouse model. Bacterial 16S rRNA sequencing analyzed the change of gut microbiota structure and diversity. Gas chromatography (GC) determined the content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in feces. ELISA detected the expression of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines associated with TH17/Treg balance. UPLC-QTOF-MS technology combined with PKsolver software analyzed the absorption of the highest exposure for monomeric compounds of CPN saponins in serum. The results indicated that CPN polysaccharides showed prebiotic-like effects in mice with DSS-induced colitis by simultaneously stimulating the growth of three important probiotics, i.e., Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp., and Akkermansia spp., and inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria, including Desulfovibrio spp., Alistipes spp., and Helicobacter spp. Moreover, CPN polysaccharides improved intestinal metabolism, enhanced the production of short-chain fatty acids, upregulated the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and downregulated the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines correlated with Th17/Treg balance, promoted the absorption of certain CPN saponins in the serum, and stimulated recovery of the holistic gut microbiota. Conclusion CPN polysaccharides have the good prebiotic properties and shown good application prospects in the prevention and treatment of acute colitis. These findings provide insights into the specific bacteria responsible for active, inactive biotransformation of HM ingredients and those that are altered by HM administration.

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“…Many of the polyenes and azoles used to treat such infections have several problems namely undesirable side effects, rapid development of drug-resistance and inefficacy against biofilm forming pathogens [9]. This scenario has exacerbated the need for alternative antifungal therapy and search for new and better agents that target fundamental biological processes and/or pathogenic determinants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sub-MICs of Carum copticum and Thymus vulgaris influence virulence factors and biofilm formation in Candida spp

Khan

Ahmad

Cameotra

et al. 2014

BMC Complement Altern Med

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BackgroundEmergence of drug-resistant strains of Candida and inefficiency of conventional antifungal therapy has necessitated the search for alternative and new antifungal agents. Inhibition of virulence and biofilm are the potential drug targets. In this study, the oils of Carum copticum, Thymus vulgaris and their major active compound thymol as revealed by Gas chromatography and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-GC/MS) analysis were tested for their inhibitory activity against growth to determine sub-MIC values against 27 drug-resistant strains of Candida spp.MethodsBrothmacrodilution method was used for determination of MIC of test oils against Candida strains. The spectrophotometric methods were used for detection and inhibition assays for virulence factors in Candida spp. Light and electron microscopy was performed to observe morphological effects of oils on biofilms. GC-GC/MS were used to evaluate the major active compounds of test oils.ResultsVirulence factors like proteinase and haemolysin were detected in 18 strains, both in solid and liquid media. A 70% of the test strains exhibited hydrophobicity and formed moderate to strong biofilms (OD280 0.5- > 1.0). Test oils exhibited MICs in the range of 45–360 μg.mL−1 against the majority of test strains. All the oils at 0.25× and 0.5× MICs induced >70% reduction in the cell surface hydrophobicity, proteinase and haemolysin production. At 0.5× MIC, thymol and T. vulgaris were most inhibitory against biofilm formation. At sub-MICs electron microscopic studies revealed the deformity of complex structures of biofilms formed and cell membranes appeared to be the target site of these agents.ConclusionsTherefore, our findings have highlighted the concentration dependent activity of oils of C. copticum and T. vulgaris against virulence factors and biofilms in proteinase and haemolysin producing drug-resistant strains of Candida spp. The above activities of test oils are supposed to be mainly contributed due to their major active compound thymol. Further mechanism involving anti-proteinase, anti-haemolysin and anti-biofilm activities of these oils and compounds are to be explored for possible exploitation in combating Candida infections.

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Antifungal antibiotics

Cited by 92 publications

References 69 publications

Chromium Tolerance and Reduction Potential of a Bacillus sp.ev3 Isolated from Metal Contaminated Wastewater

Chromium Tolerance and Reduction Potential of a Bacillus sp.ev3 Isolated from Metal Contaminated Wastewater

Absorption of Codonopsis pilosula Saponins by Coexisting Polysaccharides Alleviates Gut Microbial Dysbiosis with Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Model Mice

Sub-MICs of Carum copticum and Thymus vulgaris influence virulence factors and biofilm formation in Candida spp

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