Antifungal and high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of the crude extracts ofAcorus calamus, Tinospora cordifoliaandCelestrus paniculatus

Abstract

The antifungal activity of methanolic crude extracts of Acorus calamus, Tinospora cordifolia and Celestrus paniculatus was investigated against Alternaria solani, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium sp., Bipolaris sp. and Helminthosporium sp. at different concentrations (1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 and 5000 mg/ml). At 5000 mg/ml, crude extract of T. cordifolia is found to be highly effective against Helminthosporium sp. followed by A. calamus against A. solani. On the other hand, at 5000 mg/ml, C. paniculatus showed better activity against A. solani and Helminthosporium followed by A. calamus against A. solani at 4000 mg/ml. At 5000 mg/ml, all the three crude extracts showed least activity against fungus C. lunata and Fusarium sp. except A. calamus that showed better activity against C. lunata. The increase in the production of phenolic acid in the extract can be correlated with the induction of resistance in treated plants against phytopathogenic fungi. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis of the crude extract of medicinal plants showed six different phenolic acids (benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, gallic acid and tannic acid) present in varying amounts. The results of the study provide scientific basis for the use of the plant extract in the future development as antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal and anti-inflammatory agent.

In Vitro Evaluation of Alternaria solani (Ellis and Mart.) Jones and Grout Causing Fruit Rot of Tomato by Plant Extracts and Bio-Control Agents

“…The result were in accordance with the findings of Nguyen et al,(2013) who reported that among the plant extract tested in vitro, garlic bulb extract each at 5,10,15% were best in inhibiting the mycelial growth of A. solani. Singh et al, (2010) also reported that Acorus calamus (Sweet flag) crude extract at 5000 μg/ml is found to be highly effective against Alternaria solani. Some of the aqueous plant extracts under in vitro revealed that higher doses were relatively more efficient than the lower doses.…”

Phytochemical Determination and Antibacterial Activity of <i>Punica granatum</i> Peel Extracts against Plant Pathogenic Bacteria

“…The dry extracts were then collected into a small beaker and labeled based on the organic solvents used. The extracts then were kept in chillers (Chill-300, Protech) at 4˚C for further use slight modification from [6] and [7].…”

Diversity of active constituents inCichorium endiviaandCynara cornigeraextracts

“…Tannins have been reported to have several pharmacological activities such as spas- molytic activity in smooth muscle cells [50]. Gallic acid has antineoplastic and bacteriostatic activities and anticancer properties in prostate carcinoma cells [28], and anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activity [46]. The present study revealed that gallic acid is in range from 1.64 mg/100 g in C. cornigera parts to 20.35 mg/100 g in C. endivia.…”