Antifungal Activity of Isothiocyanates and Related Compounds

Abstract

Antifungal activity on Aspergillus niger, Penicillium cyclopium , and Rhizopus oryzae , as well as on additional saprophytic and parasitic fungi, was determined in 57 substituted derivatives of phenylisothiocyanate. Most of the investigated compounds displayed rather equal activity against the three mentioned fungi, in contradistinction to the analogues of natural benzyl- and β-phenylethylisothiocyanate with their characteristic low activity against R. oryzae . Differences occurred in the type of activity of compounds in which the —NCS group is directly bound on the aromatic moiety, as compared with those compounds in which this group is bound to the aliphatic radical or to the aromatic moiety indirectly by means of the methyl group or by a longer aliphatic chain. The results obtained confirm the negative influence of ionized substituents on the aromatic moiety, i.e., of —COOH, —CH 2 — COOH, and —SO 3 H groups, as well as of substituents which cause an extreme increase in reactivity of the —NCS group resulting in a high instability of the entire isothiocyanate molecule.

Antimicrobial components, trachrysone and 2-methoxystypandrone, in Rumex japonicus Houtt

“…No paper has reported that TRA is contained in plants in the genus Rumex. There are a few papers (Moussa etoZ., 1981;Misra and Tewari 1971a,b;Misra, 1978;Drobnica et al, 1968) on the antimicrobial activity of naphthalene derivatives and only two papers (Odani et al, 1977;Zaki et al, 1971) on the antimicrobial activity of naphthalenediols.…”

Constant Isothiocyanate-Release Potentials across Biofumigant Seeding Rates

“…ITCs vary in half-lives, reactivities, volatilities, and percent sorption to organic matter, causing complex behaviors in soil and variable effective toxic doses that are dependent upon both environmental variables (soil type and density, water content, and temperature) and biological variables (plant species, season, growth stage, and tissue type). For example, although aromatic ITCs are more toxic in agar-plate experiments, their activities in soils are suppressed to a much greater degree than those of aliphatic ITCs, such as allyl-ITC, primarily because of sorption to organic matter …”

Antimicrobial Action of 2-Thioxo-3-pyrrolidinecarbaldehyde, a Major Thiolactam Compound Generated from the Pungent Principle of Radish in an Aqueous Medium.

“…Naturally occurring antimicrobial agents play an important role in the food industry, and many compounds that possess antimicrobial activity have been found in foodstuffs of plant origin (Galli et al, 1985;Inoue et al, 1983;Shelef et al, 1980). Among them, mustard oils are well-known to have antimicrobial activity against a wide variety of microbes (Virtanen, 1965;Drobnica et a/, 1967), but few studies (Kojima & Ogawa, 1973;Uda et a/, 1993) have been reported on the antimicrobial activity of degradation products of mustard oils. Kojima and Ogawa ( 1973) reported that the degradation products of allyl isothiocyanate, such as diallyldisulfide and diallyltrisulfide significantly inhibited the growth of some yeasts.…”