Antifungal Activity of Eugenol and its Association with Nystatin on Candida albicans

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the anti-Candida effect of eugenol and its antimicrobial interaction with nystatin. Material and Methods: The antimicrobial potential was assessed by microdilution technique (M27A3 reference method), by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) against C. albicans (ATCC 90028). The possible action of eugenol on the fungal cell wall was evaluated with the assistance of the osmotic protector sorbitol (0.8 M). The antimicrobial interaction with nystatin was assessed through the checkerboard method. All tests were performed in triplicate. Results: All groups showed reductions in PI and GBI values and improvements in oral health knowledge, but IG1 and IG2 showed statistically significant differences in these variables compared to CG. Conclusion: The eugenol has antifungal activity against C. albicans and its mechanism of action is probably not related to damage to the fungal cell wall. Association between eugenol and nystatin was not found to be an advantageous possibility for growth inhibition of C. albican.

Physicochemical characterization and in vitro evaluation of the antioxidant and anticandidal activities of Moroccan propolis

“…The MIC values were determined after 24 h of incubation at 35°C; the lowest concentration that could visibly inhibit fungal growth was considered as the MIC. Subsequently, 10 µL of the TTC dye was used to confirm the presence of viable microorganisms, as it reflects the activity of the dehydrogenase enzymes involved in the process of cell respiration [29]. This technique is widely used to determine the MIC, because in the presence of bacteria or fungi, TTC is reduced to red-colored formazan, which is directly proportional to the quantity of viable cells [30].…”

Spectroscopic Analysis of the Boric Acid and Salicylic acid-Boric acid-Ethanol Solution

“…Main choice-drugs for treatment of candidiasis involve antimycotic agents such as polyenes, azoles and antimetabolites agents (i.e. 5-Fluorocytosine, miconazole, amphotericin b, nystatin, fluconazole, and itraconazole) [23][24][25]. Amphotericin B, flucytosine, ketoconazole, fluconazole, itraconazole, miconazole, griseofulvin, terbinafine, tricomicine and pyramicine are examples to systemic agents; and nystatin, clotrimazole, haloprogin, tolnaftate and naftifine are examples to locally used antifungal agents [26].…”

Cinnamon Leaf and Clove Essential Oils Are Potent Inhibitors of Candida albicans Virulence Traits

“…Eugenol is also the major component of clove oil, which shares minor components in varying concentrations with cinnamon leaf oil [ 17 ]. Several studies demonstrate the combined action of thymol, carvacrol, eugenol, menthol, and linalool [ 18 , 19 ] with conventional antifungal agents [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ], but there are no reports on the combined effect of these essential oil components (EOCs) on Candida spp. The synergistic effects of EOCs have largely been studied in the context of bacteria, as reviewed by [ 19 ] who suggest that their combined antimicrobial mechanisms may relate to the sequential inhibition of a common biochemical pathway or the inhibition of protective enzymes, resulting in cell membrane damage that ultimately enhances uptake.…”