Antifungal activity of ajoene derived from garlic

Yoshida, Soh; Kasuga, Shigeo; Hayashi, Noriko; Ushiroguchi, Tsuyoshi; Matsuura, Hiromichi; Nakagawa, Shizutoshi

doi:10.1128/aem.53.3.615-617.1987

Cited by 194 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It follows that there may have been a direct antagonistic interaction between the EPF and the garlic extract in no-choice treatments. Extracts of Allium spp., like many other plant essentials, have been shown to contain antimicrobial and antifungal compounds (Yoshida et al, 1987;Pai & Platt, 1995;Bakkali et al, 2008). Spore germination experiments from substrate samples of no-choice terraria pointed in the same direction.…”

Section: Interactions Between Wireworms Epf and Garlic Extractmentioning

confidence: 66%

A simple in vitro method to study interactions between soil insects, entomopathogenic fungi, and plant extracts

Eckard

Bacher

Enkerli

et al. 2017

Entomologia Exp Applicata

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A combined application of a biological control agent, such as an entomopathogenic fungus (EPF), with other means of pest control may lead to enhanced or more reliable efficacy of the biocontrol agent. Ideally, the combined components would interact synergistically, yielding significantly higher mortality of the target pest. The mode of such interactions is often unclear and particularly difficult to elucidate for soil-dwelling pests. Here, an efficient image analysis protocol was developed to study behavioural responses of soil-dwelling insects to application of control measures in two-dimensional terraria. The interactions between the EPF Metarhizium brunneum Petch (Hypocreales), a supposedly repellent extract of garlic, Allium sativum L. (Amaryllidaceae), and wireworms, Agriotes obscurus (L.) (Coleoptera: Elateridae), as target hosts were investigated. Tunnelling activity and mortality of wireworms were studied under choice and no-choice situations of various combinations of the control agents. A treatment with Metarhizium spores resulted in wireworm mortalities of about 80%. Contrary to expectations, a combination of the EPF with the garlic extract did not increase, but slightly decrease wireworm mortality. The data gained from the image analysis revealed that the tunnelling activity of wireworms was clearly reduced in the presence of garlic, which, together with a reduced germination rate of spores, is a possible explanation for the antagonism detected in the combined treatment. The methodological approach developed here can be used to study the interactions among control agents and soil insects over several days and weeks.

show abstract

Section: Interactions Between Wireworms Epf and Garlic Extractmentioning

confidence: 66%

A simple in vitro method to study interactions between soil insects, entomopathogenic fungi, and plant extracts

Eckard

Bacher

Enkerli

et al. 2017

Entomologia Exp Applicata

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Extracts derived from true garlic have been shown to be antifungal to a variety of different fungi including Aspergillus (Pai and Platt 1995;Benkeblia 2004). In particular, allicin and ajoene (two major sulfur-containing organic compounds found in garlic bulbs; Ankri and Mirelman 1999) were found to be inhibitory towards species of Aspergillus (Yoshida et al 1987;Shadkchan et al 2004). Similarly, Lindsey and van Staden (2004) showed that extracts derived from T. violacea (wild garlic) also inhibited mycelial growth of several fungi.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At this stage, the active compounds that contribute to the antifungal nature of T. violacea are not known, and a mechanism therefore cannot be suggested. Several reports indicate that allicin and ajoene isolated from true garlic have antifungal (Yoshida et al 1987;Shadkchan et al 2004;Davis 2005) and antibacterial (Feldberg et al 1988;Naganawa et al 1996;Ankri and Mirelman 1999;Tsao and Yin 2001) activities, and it is possible that similar compounds may also be found in T. violacea.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

AQUEOUS EXTRACTS FROM THE BULBS OF TULBAGHIA VIOLACEA ARE ANTIFUNGAL AGAINST ASPERGILLUS FLAVUS

Belewa

Baijnath

Somai

2011

Journal of Food Safety

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aspergillus flavus is a cosmopolitan fungal pathogen that is often implicated in food spoilage and in aspergillosis infections in immunocompromised individuals. The current study was undertaken to assess the effect of aqueous bulb extracts of Tulbaghia violacea on A. flavus spore survival. The broth dilution assay was used to determine that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract against A. flavus was 15 mg/mL and that the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) was 20 mg/mL. During well diffusion assays A. flavus was inhibited by a minimal extract concentration of 60 mg/mL. As expected, inhibition zones during well diffusion assays increased with increasing extract concentrations. The 2,3‐bis(2‐methoxy‐4‐nitro‐5‐sulfophenyl)‐5‐([phenylamino] carbonyl)‐2H‐tetrazolium hydroxide (XTT) assay showed a direct proportional decrease in metabolic activity of A. flavus with an increase in extract concentration. Inhibition of metabolic activity was quantifiable as early as 12 h after spore inoculation. This was in contrast to the broth dilution assay where inhibition only became clearly observable 48 h after spore inoculation. The antifungal nature of T. violacea aqueous bulb extracts against A. flavus 2527 shown here for the first time indicates a potential use of this extract as an effective antifungal agent against Aspergillus species. The extract could possibly be used in the future for reducing Aspergillus contamination of plant‐derived foods. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Tulbaghia violacea (wild garlic) is a well‐known, indigenous ornamental plant in South Africa whose biological activities including a reduction in blood pressure has been previously documented. It is often eaten by African people for alleviating symptoms of high blood pressure including headaches. The plant is therefore safe to consume and appears to have no toxicological effects. With an ever‐increasing population and increasing cost of maintaining a constant and effective food supply, the natural antifungal agents found in aqueous extracts of T. violacea may provide an inexpensive means of reducing food spoilage by Aspergillus spp.

show abstract

“…Experiments were found by a computer search (MEDLINE CD-ROM 1983-1989. Further experiments were found by checking references extensively and by personal communication with authors of experiments.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An increase of fibrinolytic activity was found in all three trials in which onions were used, while Table 1 Active principles of garlic and onions Anti-platelet: Garlic: alliin (Hanley & Fenwick, 1985) allicin (Block & Ahmad, 1984) allyl-1.5-hexadienyl-trisulphide (Block & Ahmad, 1984) allyl methyl trisulphide (Block & Ahmad, 1984) S-allyl 2-propene thiosulphinate (Block & Ahmad, 1984) ajoene (Apitz-Castro et al, 1984) diallyl disulphide (Ariga et al, 1981) diallyl trisulphide (Ariga et al, 1981) 1.5-hexadienyl-trisulphide (Apitz-Castro et al, 1983) methyl allyl trisulphide (Ariga et al, 1981) (Block, 1985) Onions adenoside (Kawakishi & Morimitsu, 1988) alliin (Liakopoulou-Kyriakides, 1985) 1-(methyl sulphinyl)-propyl methyl disulphide (Kawakishi & Morimitsu, 1988) 9,10,13-trihydroxy-11-octadecenoic acid (Ustunes et al, 1985) 9,12,13-trihydroxy-10-octadecenoic acid (Ustunes et al, 1985) trans-5-ethyl-4,6,7-trithia-2-decene-4-oxide (Bayer et al, 1988) trans,trans (and trans,cis) 5-ethyl-4,6,7-trithia-2,8-decadiene-4-oxide (Bayer et al, 1988) Antibiotic Garlic: allicin (Hanley & Fenwick, 1985) ajoene (Yoshida et al, 1987) diallyl disulphide (Amonkar & Reeves, 1971) diallyl trisulphide (Amonkar & Reeves, 1971) Fibrinolysis: Garlic: methane-thiol-3,4-dimethylthiophene (Augusti & Benaim, 1975) methyl cysteine sulphoxide (Augusti & Benaim, 1975) propyl allyl disulphide (Augusti & Benaim, 1975) propyl cysteine sulphoxide (Augusti & Benaim, 1975) Onions: cycloallUiin (August & Benaim, 1975) Blood sugar, insulin: Garlic: allicin (Hanley & Fenwick, 1985) diallyl disulphide (Hanley & Fenwick, 1985) Onions: allyl propyl disulphide (Augusti & Benaim, 1975) Blood lipids, cholesterol: Garlic: alliin (Kamanna & Chandrasekhara, 1984) allicin ...…”

Section: Fresh Onionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Garlic, onions and cardiovascular risk factors. A review of the evidence from human experiments with emphasis on commercially available preparations [see comments]

Kleijnen¹,

Knipschild²,

Riet³

1989

Brit J Clinical Pharma

156

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

1. Claims for beneficial effects on cholesterol levels, fibrinolytic activity, and platelet aggregation are attributed both to fresh garlic and onions (or their extracts) and to commercially available preparations. 2. Regarding fresh garlic, the claims have been confirmed, but so far only at very high dosages. 3. For onions and commercially available supplements contradictory results have been reported. 4. All published trials showed severe methodological shortcomings. Some trials were not randomized and/or not blinded whilst this was possible, and in only one of every three studies more than 25 patients participated in each treatment group. In no trial was prognostic comparability of the treatment and the control groups ascertained. At the moment there is inadequate scientific justification for garlic supplementation.

show abstract

Antifungal activity of ajoene derived from garlic

Abstract: The antifungal activity of six fractions derived from garlic was investigated in an in vitro system. Ajoene had the strongest activity in these fractions. The growth of both Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans was inhibited by ajoene at <20 ,ug/ml.

Cited by 194 publications

References 16 publications

A simple in vitro method to study interactions between soil insects, entomopathogenic fungi, and plant extracts

A simple in vitro method to study interactions between soil insects, entomopathogenic fungi, and plant extracts

AQUEOUS EXTRACTS FROM THE BULBS OF TULBAGHIA VIOLACEA ARE ANTIFUNGAL AGAINST ASPERGILLUS FLAVUS

Garlic, onions and cardiovascular risk factors. A review of the evidence from human experiments with emphasis on commercially available preparations [see comments]

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About