Antifouling efficacy of a controlled depletion paint formulation with acetophenone

Abstract

Biofouling is an inevitable problem that occurs continually on marine fishing vessels and other small crafts. The nature of the antifouling (AF) coatings used to prevent biofouling on these small vessels is of great environmental concern. Therefore, the efficacy of a non-toxic AF candidate, acetophenone, was evaluated in preliminary laboratory assays using marine bacteria, diatom and Ulva spores. At a low concentration of 100 μg cm–2 of acetophenone, spore attachment of a green fouling alga was significantly reduced (p < 0.01). Similarly, 40% acetophenone coatings significantly inhibited diatom attachment. This new non-toxic AF agent was incorporated into controlled depletion paint (CDP). Fouling coverage (%), biomass, and fouling resistance (%) were estimated. On CDP coatings made with acetophenone (40%), a significant decrease in fouling biomass was estimated (p < 0.01).

Natural Benzo/Acetophenones as Leads for New Synthetic Acetophenone Hybrids Containing a 1,2,3-Triazole Ring as Potential Antifouling Agents

“…Moreover, the benzophenone scaffold has been used for the preparation of some AF coatings (E, Figure 1) [7]. Molecular simplification of the benzophenone structure has also been applied in the development of promising AF agents: 2,4-dihydroxyacetophenone (F, Figure 1) was shown to significantly inhibit the spore attachment of a green fouling alga (Ulva pertusa) and, after being incorporated in a controlled depletion paint, a significant decrease in fouling biomass was observed [8]. Therefore, phenyl ketones, such as benzophenones and acetophenones, show potential as new leads to develop eco-friendly and sustainable AF agents for the marine industry.…”