Antifatigue effects of anshenyizhi compound in acute excise‐treated mouse via modulation of AMPK/PGC‐1α‐related energy metabolism and Nrf2/ARE‐mediated oxidative stress

Abstract

The anshenyizhi compound (AC), a mixture from Chinese medicine herbs, has numerous biological effects. In the present study, the acute exercise‐treated mice model was established to explore the antifatigue properties of AC and its underlying mechanisms. AC increased exercise endurance in the weight‐loaded forced swimming test and rota‐rod test. The antifatigue properties of AC were closely correlated with enhancing the body's exercise endurance by increasing the levels of cyanmethemoglobin, testosterone/corticosterone, and creatine kinase, while decreasing the levels of lactic acid, lactate dehydrogenase, and blood urea nitrogen in serum. Moreover, our results confirmed the antioxidant ability of AC by improving the activities of superoxide dismutase while reducing reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde levels in serum. The AC also improved the storage of glycogen by increasing the levels of succinate dehydrogenase, and malate dehydrogenase in liver and muscle. Additionally, AC displayed the antifatigue and antiapoptosis effects via regulating Nrf2‐mediated oxidative stress, AMPK‐related glucose metabolism, and p53 pathways. Our experimental results first provided a support that AC had effects on antifatigue through regulating AMPK/PGC‐1α‐related energy metabolism and Nrf2/ARE‐mediated oxidative stress. Consequently, AC could be developed into a new functional food supplement for the prevention and treatment of diseases related to fatigue in the future.

Protective effect of gamma‐aminobutyric acid against oxidative stress by inducing phase II enzymes in C2C12 myoblast cells

“…Recently, the potent anti-fatigue effect of Chinese medicine herbs through regulating the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase pathway and Nrf2/ARE-mediated oxidative stress was demonstrated (Peng et al, 2020). Especially, it was reported that well-known antioxidants, such as epicatechin, epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin, and resveratrol have great potential as mitochondrial-activating agents for anti-fatigue activity (Chang et al, 2017).…”

Effects ofDendrobium officinaleultrafine powder on sub-health mice induced by unhealthy lifestyle based on neuroendocrine immune system

“…During the swimming, the water in the tank was continuously stirred to keep a continual movement of mice. Exhaustion time was determined immediately when the mice could not resist the current state and failed to rise to the surface of the water within 5 s. 13…”

“…During the swimming, the water in the tank was continuously stirred to keep a continual movement of mice. Exhaustion time was determined immediately when the mice could not resist the current state and failed to rise to the surface of the water within 5 s. 13 Cold water exhaustion swimming test was carried out at 6 weeks. The cold water exhaustion swimming test method is basically the same as the weight-bearing exhaustion swimming test.…”

The anti-fatigue effect of theAuxis thazardoligopeptideviamodulation of the AMPK/PGC-1α pathway in mice

“…49 Phosphorylation of AMPK directly modulates PGC-1α, promoting the conversion of muscle fibres from type II to slower muscle fibres that are more resistant to fatigue and produce more ATP, which provides energy for muscle contraction. 50 PPARα is a transcription factor that maintains lipid homeostasis. 51 When PGC-1α is activated and combined with PPARα, it can maintain the balance between oxidation and antioxidation, and decrease oxidative stress-related damage.…”