Antidiarrheal and antispasmodic activities of &lt;i&gt;Polygonum bistorta&lt;/i&gt; rhizomes are mediated predominantly through K+ channels activation

Ali, Muhammad; Janbaz, Khalid Hussain; Mehmood, Malik Hassan; Gilani, Anwarul Hassan

doi:10.3329/bjp.v10i3.23714

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The plant extract showed similar potency for its inhibitory effect against CCh and low K + -induced contractions, thus showing PDE-inhibitory and K + -channel opening-like activities, 41 whereas partial inhibition was seen against high K + -induced contractions, implying weak involvement of Ca 2+ -channel inhibition, as concentrations of K + >30 mM, regarded as high K + , are known to cause smooth-muscle contractions through opening of voltage-dependent Ca 2+ channels. 36,41 On the other hand, verapamil, a standard CCB, 41 inhibited spasms mediated by K + at distinctly lower concentrations, as expected from typical CCBs. 28 The inhibitory actions of the plant extract on the PDE enzyme was confirmed by the observation that pretreatment of jejunal tissue with the extract shifted the inhibitory CRCs of isoprenaline to the left, similarly to papaverine, a known inhibitor of PDE 41 that produces spasmolytic effects through increased cAMP as a result of PDE inhibition, 43,44 while verapamil did not affect the isoprenaline curves, as was expected from a standard Ca 2+ antagonist.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…As such, any test material that exhibits inhibitory effects against castor oil-induced diarrhea is considered to possess marked antidiarrheal activity. [34][35][36] M. subcordata appears to possess marked antidiarrheal effects, which could be due to the possible presence of gut-relaxant constituent(s). In line with our findings, Akuodor et al 12 reported antidiarrheal effects of the methanol-leaf extract of a similar species, M. crassifolia, with a proposed mechanism of action linked partly to direct inhibitory effects on the propulsive movement of GI-tract smooth muscle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiple Pathway–Mediated Gut-Modulatory Effects of Maerua subcordata (Gilg) DeWolf

Palla¹,

Sibhat

Karim

et al. 2020

JEP

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Background Gastrointestinal disorders are often poorly managed, especially in developing countries, where there are limited resources and therapeutic options. Despite the rich diversity of medicinal plants that offer effective treatment options with fewer side effects, studies that provide scientific verification are lacking. Maerua subcordata (Gilg) DeWolf is among the plants claimed to have wide traditional medicine, use, including as a remedy against gastrointestinal problems. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate the gut-modulatory effects of a crude leaf extract of M. subcordata (MSL.Cr), as well as its possible mechanism of action. Methods A castor oil (10 mL/kg)–induced diarrheal mouse model was used to evaluate the antidiarrheal effect of MSL.Cr, and the spasmodic/antispasmodic effect of the extract was assessed using isolated rabbit jejunum with and without addition of standard cholinergic agonists/antagonists to predict the possible mechanism of action. Results MSL.Cr exhibited 40% and 80% protection against castor oil–induced diarrhea in mice at doses of 500 and 1,000 mg/kg, respectively. In isolated rabbit jejunum, the extract increased spontaneous contractions at low doses (0.01–0.1 mg/mL), and was sensitive to atropine, whereas it showed complete inhibition at higher doses (0.3–1 mg/mL). It was shown that the relaxant effect was possibly mediated by the involvement of phosphodiesterase-enzyme inhibition and K + -channel activation. The extract potentiated the control concentration–response curve of carbachol, shifting it to the left, similarly to the control drug papaverine. The potassium-channel opening–like activity of MSL.Cr was possibly mediated by the involvement of aspecific K + -channels inhibition, since tetraethylammonium, anunselective antagonist of K + channels, significantly reversed its inhibitory effect. Conclusion This study showed that the M. subcordata leaf extract demonstrated gut-modulatory effects, possibly mediated by a combination of muscarinic-receptor stimulation, phosphodiesterase inhibition, and aspecific K + -channel activation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Pathway–Mediated Gut-Modulatory Effects of Maerua subcordata (Gilg) DeWolf

Palla¹,

Sibhat

Karim

et al. 2020

JEP

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“…A test substance causing complete inhibition of spontaneously contracting rabbit jejunum may indicate its ability to interfere with cytosolic Ca ++ influx. To investigate the possible mechanism of the observed inhibitory effect, the plant material was tested on sustained contraction induced by high [28] and low [42] concentrations of K + . High and low K + mediate contractions through the entry of Ca ++ into muscle cell via voltage dependent Ca ++ channels (VDCCs) and K + channel opening, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of Euphorbia hirta L. (Euphorbiaceae) in diarrhea and constipation involves calcium antagonism and cholinergic mechanisms

Ali

Mehmood

Saleem

et al. 2020

BMC Complement Med Ther

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Background: Euphorbia hirta (Linn) family Euphorbiaceae has been used in indigenous system of medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. This study was designed to determine the pharmacological basis for the medicinal use of E. hirta in diarrhea and constipation. Methods: The aqueous-methanol extract of whole herb of E. hirta (EH.Cr) and its petroleum ether (Pet.EH), chloroform (CHCl 3 .EH), ethyl acetate (Et.Ac.EH) and aqueous (Aq.EH) fractions were tested in the in-vivo experiments using Balb/c mice, while the in-vitro studies were performed on isolated jejunum and ileum preparations of locally bred rabbit and Sprague Dawley rats, respectively, using PowerLab data system. Results: Qualitative phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, cardiac glycosides, while HPLC of EH.Cr showed quercetin in high proportion. In mice, EH.Cr at the dose of 500 and 1000 mg/kg showed 41 and 70% protection from castor oil-induced diarrhea, respectively, similar to the effect of quercetin and loperamide, while at lower doses (50 and 100 mg/kg), it caused an increase in the fecal output. In loperamide-induced constipated mice, EH.Cr also displayed laxative effect with respective values of 28.6 and 35.3% at 50 and 100 mg/kg. In rabbit jejunum, EH.Cr showed atropine-sensitive inhibitory effect in a concentration-dependent manner, while quercetin and nifedipine exhibited atropine-insensitive effects. Fractions of E. hirta also produced atropine-sensitive inhibitory effects except Pet.EH and CHCl 3 .EH. On high (80 mM) and low (20 mM) K + − induced contractions, the crude extract and fractions exhibited a concentration-dependent non-specific inhibition of both spasmogens and displaced concentration-response curves of Ca ++ to the right with suppression of the maximum effect similar to the effect quercetin and nifedipine. Fractions showed wide distribution of spasmolytic and Ca ++ antagonist like effects. In rat ileum, EH.Cr and its fractions exhibited atropine-sensitive gut stimulant effects except Pet.EH. Conclusion: The crude extract of E. hirta possesses antidiarrheal effect possibly mediated through Ca ++ antagonist like gut inhibitory constituents, while its laxative effect was mediated primarily through muscarinic receptor agonist like gut stimulant constituents. Thus, these findings provide an evidence to the folkloric use of E. hirta in diarrhea and constipation.

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“…This herb can be found all over the world; however it is most common in northern temperate zones like Europe and North America. Polygonum bistorta root (100 g/ml of hydro alcoholic extract) was found to have a powerful inhibitory effect on IL-8 release as an inflammatory moderator in a recent study, which could help to authenticate the conventional use of this plant for GI illnesses caused by H. pylori infection 84 .…”

Section: Polygonum Bistortamentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-ulcer Activities of Herbal Remedies as Alternative Therapy

Sen¹,

Sen²,

Patel³

et al. 2022

JNR

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Peptic ulcer is a disorder that commonly has an effect on the digestive system. It is a chronic illness which has impact on approximately, 10% of the mankind. The majority of current therapy regimens are based on western medicine. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and histamine-2 (H2) receptor antagonists, which are commonly used to treat peptic ulcers, have been linked to side effects, relapses, and drug interactions. However, several investigations have shown that herbal medications can efficiently heal stomach ulcers in humans and animals using different processes. As a result, this review will focus on common plants with medicinal value which can be utilized to cure or prevent peptic ulcers.

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Antidiarrheal and antispasmodic activities of <i>Polygonum bistorta</i> rhizomes are mediated predominantly through K+ channels activation

Cited by 7 publications

References 30 publications

<p>Multiple Pathway–Mediated Gut-Modulatory Effects of <em>Maerua subcordata</em> (Gilg) DeWolf</p>

<p>Multiple Pathway–Mediated Gut-Modulatory Effects of <em>Maerua subcordata</em> (Gilg) DeWolf</p>

The use of Euphorbia hirta L. (Euphorbiaceae) in diarrhea and constipation involves calcium antagonism and cholinergic mechanisms

Anti-ulcer Activities of Herbal Remedies as Alternative Therapy

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