Antidiabetic effect and glucose tolerance of areca nut (Areca catechu) seed ethanol extract on alloxan-induced diabetic male rats

Abstract

Areca catechu fruit (Areca nut) is one component of betel chewing. There is an assumption that the antidiabetic effect of chewing betel is sourced from areca nut. This study aims to determine the anti-hyperglycemic effect and glucose tolerance of ethanol extract of areca nut (Areca catechu) seed in diabetic rats. Old Areca nut fruit was obtained from a garden in the Depok region, the suburb of Jakarta. Areca nut seeds were made into a fine powder, then macerated by using 70% ethanol at room temperature based on the Harbone method. Male rats were eligible for the trial; after acclimatization, rats were made diabetic by using alloxan. The rats for this trial were divided into 6 groups. Each of groups consisted of 5 rats. Glibenclamide was used as a positive control for anti-diabetic, and acarbose was used for glucose tolerance test, as normal control was given distilled water, while negative control was used 1% CMC Na, namely a solution suspending agent for test preparation. Areca nut seed extract was given with 3 types of doses, namely low, medium and high doses, namely 22.5 mg; 45 mg and 180 mg per 200 gr body weight (BW) rats, respectively. For measure blood, sugar levels were used as a glucometer tool. The result of this study showed that on 14 days of given test preparation, the statistical results with ANOVA test and Kruskal-Wallis test showed that medium doses of areca nut seed extract had the same anti-diabetic effect and glucose tolerance with positive control and were significantly different to negative controls. (P≤0.05). While on the low and high dose was not significantly different from negative controls (P≥0.05). Conclusion of this study, areca nut seed was very potential for antidiabetic and glucose tolerance.

Betel Nut Chewing Increases the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components in a Large Taiwanese Population Follow-Up Study Category: Original Investigation

“…First, when preparing betel nut, a betel quid is wrapped in Piper betel leaves, which can induce hypoglycemia [ 44 ]. Second, betel nut seed ethanol extract has been shown to have an anti-diabetic effect on male rats [ 45 ]. However, betel nut nitrosamines were shown to be diabetogenic and able to induce inheritable glucose intolerance in an animal model [ 24 ].…”

Effect of steam explosion on the morphological, textural, and compositional characteristics of betel nut

“…The mixture was then heated in a water bath at 80°C for 1 h and centrifuged at 6000 rpm for 5 min at 4°C. After two extractions, the supernatant was combined, diluted four times, and filtered through 0.22 μm nylon micropore membranes as the solution to be tested (Musdja et al, 2020). Testing for each sample was repeated five times.…”

“…Extraction of alkaloids involved adding the betel nut powder with a grain size over 40 mesh to an 80% ethanol solution (v/v) according to a material-liquid ratio of 1:25 and sonicating the mix (400 W 40 kHz) for 30 min. The mixture was then heated in a water bath at 80 C for 1 h and centrifuged at 6000 rpm for 5 min at 4 C. After two extractions, the supernatant was combined, diluted four times, and filtered through 0.22 μm nylon micropore membranes as the solution to be tested (Musdja et al, 2020). Testing for each sample was repeated five times.…”

Effect of Steam Explosion on the Morphological, Textural and Chemical Composition Characteristics of Betel Nut

“…The mixture was then heated in a water bath at 80℃ for 1 h and centrifuged at 6000 rpm for 5 min at 4℃. After two extractions, the supernatant was combined, diluted 4 times and ltered through 0.22 µm nylon micropore membranes as the solution to be tested (Musdja & Musir, 2020). Testing for each sample was repeated 5 times.…”