Antidiabetic drugs and oxidized low-density lipoprotein: A review of anti-atherosclerotic mechanisms

Low-density lipoprotein particles in atherosclerosis

“…It is worth noting that only after modifications, such as oxidation and desialylation, LDL particles become atherogenic. Of note, ox-LDL has been a major risk factor in atherosclerosis ( Mitra et al, 2011 ; Ahmadi et al, 2021 ; Lin et al, 2021 ).…”

Multifaceted Protective Effects of Hesperidin by Aromatic Hydrocarbon Receptor in Endothelial Cell Injury Induced by Benzo[a]Pyrene

“…AGEs-albumin also increases ROS production by promoting the activities of the NADPH oxidase and mitochondrial system [ 16 ]. Excess ROS initiates an inflammatory response, activates NF-κB signaling, and increases chemokine secretion, such as IL-1β and TNF-α [ 36 ]. ROS can bind to LDL to form OXLDL and MDA.…”

Oxidized phospholipids and lipoprotein(a): An update

“…Moreover, a recent publication examining changes caused by antidiabetic drugs in the circulating levels of oxLDL, on which OxPLs can be formed, showed that metformin, pioglitazone and dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors were associated with a suppressive effect on oxLDL in patients with impaired glucose tolerance. However, clinical trials evaluating the relationship between oxLDL and newer drugs, such as agonists of glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor or inhibitors of sodium‐glucose transport protein 2, are rare 98 …”

“…However, clinical trials evaluating the relationship between oxLDL and newer drugs, such as agonists of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor or inhibitors of sodium-glucose transport protein 2, are rare. 98…”