Antidiabetic Compounds from Sarracenia purpurea Used Traditionally by the Eeyou Istchee Cree First Nation

Abstract

Through ethnobotanical surveys, the CIHR Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic Medicines identified 17 boreal forest plants stemming from the pharmacopeia of the Cree First Nations of Eeyou Istchee (James Bay region of Northern Quebec) that were used traditionally against diabetes symptoms. The leaves of Sarracenia purpurea (pitcher plant), one of the identified Cree plants, exhibited marked antidiabetic activity in vitro by stimulating glucose uptake in C2C12 mouse muscle cells and by reducing glucose production in H4IIE rat liver cells. Fractionation guided by glucose uptake in C2C12 cells resulted in the isolation of 11 compounds from this plant extract, including a new phenolic glycoside, flavonoid glycosides, and iridoids. Compounds 6 (isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside), 8 [kaempferol-3-O-(6″-caffeoylglucoside], and 11 (quercetin-3-O-galactoside) potentiated glucose uptake in vitro, which suggests they represent active principles of S. purpurea (EC(50) values of 18.5, 13.8, and 60.5 μM, respectively). This is the first report of potentiation of glucose uptake by compounds 6 and 8, while compound 11 (isolated from Vaccinium vitis) was previously shown to enhance glucose uptake. Treatment of H4IIE liver cells with the new compound 1, 6'-O-caffeoylgoodyeroside, decreased hepatic glucose production by reducing glucose-6-phosphatase enzymatic activity (IC(50) = 13.6 μM), which would contribute to lowering glycemia and to the antidiabetic potential of S. purpurea.

Three new phenolic compounds from the leaves of Rosa sericea

“…Similar to other raw materials of Rosaceae, flavonoids and their glycosides, and triterpenoids and their glycosides were the main constituents in the leaves of R. sericea [27][28][29][30]. Moreover, phenolic derivatives were important constituents in the leaves, and the new compound 3 might be valuable due to its antidiabetic potential [24].…”

Evaluation by microarray of the potential safety of Sarracenia purpurea L. (Sarraceniaceae) a traditional medicine used by the Cree of Eeyou Istchee

“…Dr. A. Cuerrier confirmed the botanical identity of the plant and a voucher specimen # 2003-05 was deposited at the Marie-Victorin herbarium at the Montreal Botanical Garden, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (6,7). Leaves were subsequently extracted with ethanol, lyophilized, and analysed for phytochemical markers as previously described (18,30). The crude extract was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (Sigma-Aldrich, Oakville, ON, Canada) at a concentration of 100 mg/mL and filter sterilized with RC 0.20 nm filters (Corning Costar Co., NY, USA) to obtain a sterile stock.…”

“…The pure compound morroniside ( Figure 1) was isolated from S. purpurea using column chromatography and spectroscopic methods (18,30). It was dissolved in DMSO at a concentration of 10 mg/mL and filter sterilized with RC 0.20 nm filters to obtain a sterile stock.…”

“…purpurea contains numerous active compounds, many of which have been isolated through bioassay-guided fractionation (11,18). One of the active principles is morroniside (MNS), an iridoid glycoside, responsible for protection of cells from cytotoxicity in the presence of glucose toxicity (11).…”

Bioassay-guided Isolation of the Antidiabetic Active Principle from Salvia miltiorrhiza and its Stimulatory Effects on Glucose Uptake Using 3T3-L1 Adipocytes

“…Glucose uptake was determined as the rate of 2- [1,[2][3] H(N)]-Deoxy-D-glucose uptake, using a modification of a previous method with a few modifications [28,29]. Confluent and differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes were washed (thrice) and incubated with serum free DMEM for 2 hours.…”