Antidepressants and cognition: comparative effects of moclobemide, viloxazine and maprotiline

Allain, H.; Lieury, Alain; Brunet-Bourgin, F.; Mirabaud, C; Trebon, Pascale; Coz, F. Le; Gandon, J. M.

doi:10.1007/bf02246237

Cited by 64 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…These deficits might just be secondary to mood, but the idea that depression is accompanied by neuropsychological deficits independent of mood is gaining wider currency (Fleming et al, 2004). A link between 5-HT and memory deficits in depression is suggested by the fact that serotonergic antidepressants have been found to improve memory before mood improved (Allain et al, 1992;Fudge et al, 1990;Siegfried and O'Connolly, 1986). In our discussion of the ipsapirone study, we relied on the hypothesis that hypoactivity of 5-HT 1A receptors causes part or all of the memory deficits seen in depression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of 5-HT on Memory and the Hippocampus: Model and Data

Meeter

Talamini

Schmitt

et al. 2005

Neuropsychopharmacol

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5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) transmission has been implicated in memory and in depression. Both 5-HT depletion and specific 5-HT agonists lower memory performance, while depression is also associated with memory deficits. The precise neuropharmacology and neural mechanisms underlying these effects are unknown. We used neural network simulations to elucidate the neuropharmacology and network mechanisms underlying 5-HT effects on memory. The model predicts that these effects are largely dependent on transmission over the 5-HT 1A and 5-HT 3 receptors, which regulate the selectivity of retrieval. It also predicts differential memory deficit profiles for 5-HT depletion and overactivation. The latter predictions were confirmed in studies with healthy and depressed participants undergoing acute tryptophan depletion or ipsipirone challenge. The results suggest that the memory impairments in depressed subjects may be related to 5-HT undertransmission, and support the notion that 5-HT 1A agonists ameliorate memory deficits in depression. INTRODUCTIONHypofunction of the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) system has emerged as a leading candidate cause for depression (Naughton et al, 2000;Middlemiss et al, 2002). At the same time, several lines of evidence point to a role for 5-HT in memory (Buhot et al, 2000). Most prominently, depletion of tryptophan (TRP), a precursor of 5-HT, is associated with lower performance on episodic memory retention tests in humans (Riedel et al, 1999). This mirrors findings in depression, which is accompanied by moderate to severe memory deficits (Johnson and Magaro, 1987;Schaub et al, 2003). However, manipulations that increase 5-HT concentration or 5-HT receptor activation also lower memory performance, as indicated by receptor agonist studies in both humans (Riedel et al, 2002) and animals (Altman and Normile, 1988). Up to now, it is not known why both increased and decreased 5-HT activation have adverse effects on memory.5-HT binds to a large and disparate family of CNS receptors, which have effects that are sometimes opposite. Thus, many effects of different receptors seem to cancel each other out. In a review (see Supplementary Information on internet), we identify two robust effects of 5-HT in the hippocampus. First, 5-HT exerts a hyperpolarizing influence on principal cells; directly, via 5-HT 1A receptors, and indirectly, via facilitation of GABA release from local interneurons through 5-HT 3 receptors (Burnet et al, 1995;Piguet and Galvan, 1994). Activation of 5-HT 2A and 5-HT 2C receptors has been suggested to induce depolarization in principal cells (Piguet and Galvan, 1994;Barnes and Sharp, 1999), but these effects appear to be dominated by the depolarizing effects of 5-HT, as bath application of 5-HT will hyperpolarize principal cells in slice preparations of the dentate gyrus (Piguet and Galvan, 1994). In addition, through 5-HT 2C , 5-HT 4 , and 5-HT 7 receptors, afterhyperpolarizing (AHP) currents are downregulated, leading to reduced adaptation in principal cells (Torres et al, 1996;Bac...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of 5-HT on Memory and the Hippocampus: Model and Data

Meeter

Talamini

Schmitt

et al. 2005

Neuropsychopharmacol

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“…This is underpinned by a sertraline study in healthy elderly volunteers demonstrating increased finger-tapping speed -a pure motor test -after 2 weeks of treatment [33] . Moreover, monoamine oxidase inhibitors -that increase levels of dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin -such as moclobemide have also been demonstrated to improve psychomotor performance in depressed patients [34][35][36] . Furthermore, future research should explore the psychomotor effects of purely dopaminergic antidepressants like bupropion in MDD patients, in order to investigate further this dopamine hypothesis for retarded depression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychomotor Changes in Major Depressive Disorder during Sertraline Treatment

Schrijvers

Maas

Pier³

et al. 2009

Neuropsychobiology

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Background: There is a relative scarcity of studies on major depressive disorder that use objective assessment methods to explore the psychomotor effects of antidepressants. Striatal dopaminergic disturbances are known to be involved in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder that is associated with psychomotor retardation. Because of its additional dopaminergic mechanism, the psychomotor effects of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor sertraline merit further exploration. Methods: In 19 patients diagnosed with a current major depressive episode, clinical variables and graphic motor activity were assessed applying digitized figure copying tasks during a 6-week regimen of sertraline. Patients’ baseline and weekly psychomotor performance was compared with the outcomes of 22 healthy, unmedicated controls. Results: Patients’ psychomotor slowing had improved after 6 weeks on sertraline as reflected by reductions in initiation and movement times on the simple line and figure copying tasks and decreased initiation times for the complex figure copying task relative to their baseline outcomes. Conclusions: The current study found evidence pointing to potential beneficial effects of sertraline after a 6-week treatment period in the lower-order cognitive and motor components involved in the graphic motor performance of depressed patients. The present findings are discussed in terms of the mechanism of action of sertraline.

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“…The quality and the extent of impairment in psychomotor reaction caused by antidepressants were essentially explored testing healthy probands and patients under monotherapy [5][6][7][8]. In clinical practice, after recovering from severe depression, patients are often suffering from a few mild symptoms and requiring additional medication like lithium, carbamazepine, benzodiazepines or neuroleptics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Polypharmacological Antidepressive Treatment on Central Nervous Information Processing of Depressed Patients: Implications for Fitness to Drive

et al. 1998

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Antidepressive medication may cause impairment of psychomotor functioning relevant to psychosocial adaptation and fitness to drive. This impairment seems to be less severe by activating antidepressants (SSRI, MAOI). In clinical settings, however, polypharmacological treatment of depressive disorders is frequent. This study evaluates the influence of antidepressants and common comedications on central nervous information processing concerning the ability to drive. Inpatients (n = 44) with major depression (ICD-10) were investigated under steady state plasma level condition. The data were recorded by the Act & React Testsystem ART-90 and analyzed according to medication, severity of illness and age. 88.6% of the patients failed to pass all the tests. With respect to different groups of antidepressants, no differences in psychomotor reaction performance were observed in polydrug treatment. The impact of these results on the patients' fitness to drive is discussed.

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Antidepressants and cognition: comparative effects of moclobemide, viloxazine and maprotiline

Cited by 64 publications

References 15 publications

Effects of 5-HT on Memory and the Hippocampus: Model and Data

Effects of 5-HT on Memory and the Hippocampus: Model and Data

Psychomotor Changes in Major Depressive Disorder during Sertraline Treatment

The Influence of Polypharmacological Antidepressive Treatment on Central Nervous Information Processing of Depressed Patients: Implications for Fitness to Drive

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