Anticonvulsant effects of phencynonate hydrochloride and other anticholinergic drugs in soman poisoning: Neurochemical mechanisms

Wang, Yongan; Zhou, Wenxia; Li, Jiangxiong; Li, Yanqin; Yue, Yong-Juan; Zheng, Jimin; Liu, Keliang; Ruan, Jian

doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2005.04.071

Cited by 46 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Aside from the relative affinity of different antagonists for the various mAChR and nAChR subtypes [65,66], which will contribute to the differences in potency and duration of effect of each ligand tested, it is likely that both (a) a dose-and time-dependent manner of receptor involvement and (b) a nonspecific activity contribute to these presented results. Supporting this finding is a recent study reporting that in a soman-induced seizure model in rats, the anticonvulsant effects of atropine decreased with the progression of the seizures, and it eventually lost its anticonvulsant activity when the seizures had progressed for 40 min [67].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

The effect of dorsal hippocampal administration of nicotinic and muscarinic cholinergic ligands on pentylenetetrazol-induced generalized seizures in rats

Gholami

Saboory

Zare

et al. 2012

Epilepsy & Behavior

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

The effect of dorsal hippocampal administration of nicotinic and muscarinic cholinergic ligands on pentylenetetrazol-induced generalized seizures in rats

Gholami

Saboory

Zare

et al. 2012

Epilepsy & Behavior

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“…It has potent central and peripheral anticholinergic effects 1. Currently, PHC is used widely in the clinic in China as a reversal agent in cases of organophosphorus and soman poisoning 2. Basic and clinical studies performed in our laboratory and at other institutions3 show that the main advantage of PHC is that it has fewer M 2 receptor-associated cardiovascular side effects than other hyoscyamines marketed in China 4.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Penehyclidine hydrochloride: a potential drug for treating COPD by attenuating Toll-like receptors

Xiao¹,

Liao²,

Tong³

2012

DDDT

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BackgroundThe aim of this review was to evaluate and summarize the available scientific information on penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC) for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as a result of its ability to attenuate Toll-like receptors. Penehyclidine hydrochloride is an anticholinergic drug manufactured in China, with both antimuscarinic and antinicotinic activity. PHC is used widely in the clinic as a reversal agent in cases of organic phosphorus poisoning and soman poisoning, but also may also have an important role as a bronchodilator in the treatment of obstructive airway disease, including asthma and, in particular, COPD.MethodsOur bibliographic sources included the CAPLUS, MEDLINE, REGISTRY, CASREACT, CHEMLIST, CHEMCATS, and CNKI databases, updated to September 2012. In order to assess the data in detail, we used the search terms “penehyclidine hydrochloride,” “COPD,” “muscarinic receptor,” and “toll-like receptors.” Papers were restricted to those published in the English and Chinese languages, and to “paper” and “review” as the document type. Patents were also reviewed.ResultsOur survey mainly yielded the results of research on PHC and the mechanisms of COPD. COPD is a preventable and treatable disease with some significant extrapulmonary manifestations that may contribute to its severity in some patients. Recently, it has been shown that muscarinic receptors may interact with Toll-like receptors. Basic and clinical studies of the relationship between the mechanism of action and the effects of PHC in the respiratory tract have been studied by a number of laboratories and institutions. The main advantages of PHC are that it has few M2 receptor-associated cardiovascular side effects and attenuates Toll-like receptors.ConclusionPHC may be a promising candidate agent in the treatment of COPD in the future because of its ability to attenuate Toll-like receptors. This review should be of help to those intending to research this topic further.

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“…Atropine too, at the dose employed, had no toxic effect. However, the same dose counteracted soman-induced intoxication in the same strain (28). The toxic effect of cocatropine on seizures and lethality was confirmed after repeated treatment when the binge paradigm, more representative of the binge pattern of abuse followed by cocaine users (29), was adopted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Diazepam Protects Against the Enhanced Toxicity of Cocaine Adulterated With Atropine

et al. 2008

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Abstract. We examined the toxicity of cocatropine (cocaine / atropine mixture) and the therapeutic potential of diazepam on some behavioral and physiological parameters in rats. Atropine (20 and 60 mg / kg) or cocaine (40 mg / kg) alone did not induce any seizure or death, but the combination significantly increased both, after both acute and binge treatment. There was a significant increase of EEG mean total spectral power in cocatropine-in comparison with cocaine-treated animals. Hyperlocomotion was observed in non-seizuring rats treated with cocaine or cocatropine. Cocaine, atropine 60, and cocatropine (40 + 20 and 40 + 60) all induced hyperthermic effects in non-seizuring rats, while cocatropine (40 + 60)-seizuring animals had hypothermia. An initial hypertensive and tachycardiac effect within 15 min was followed by a secondary fall in the cocatropine (40 + 60) group. Cocatropine toxicity was partially or fully reversed by diazepam (5 mg / kg), given intraperitoneally after the first seizure. The present findings provide, for the first time, details of a synergistic toxic effect of the cocaine / atropine mixture and of the potential of diazepam for treating cocatropine-related hospital emergencies.

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Anticonvulsant effects of phencynonate hydrochloride and other anticholinergic drugs in soman poisoning: Neurochemical mechanisms

Cited by 46 publications

References 45 publications

The effect of dorsal hippocampal administration of nicotinic and muscarinic cholinergic ligands on pentylenetetrazol-induced generalized seizures in rats

The effect of dorsal hippocampal administration of nicotinic and muscarinic cholinergic ligands on pentylenetetrazol-induced generalized seizures in rats

Penehyclidine hydrochloride: a potential drug for treating COPD by attenuating Toll-like receptors

Diazepam Protects Against the Enhanced Toxicity of Cocaine Adulterated With Atropine

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