Anticoccidial effects of herbal extracts on Eimeria tenella infection in broiler chickens: in vitro and in vivo study

Abstract

Safe alternative anticoccidial drug to chemical feed additives are herbal extracts, because they don't results to tissue residue and drug resistance. In order to evaluate the effects of herbal extracts to control avian coccidiosis, 180 one-day-old broiler chickens were randomly divided into nine equal groups, as follows: (1) Biarum bovei (2) Nectaroscordum tripedale( 3) Dorema aucheri (4) Cichorium intybus (5) Prangos ferulaceae (6) diclazuril (7) Artemisia absinthium (8) infected control (9) uninfected control (each contains two groups). Administration of herbal extracts and supplementation of diclazuril was began 2 days before challenge and lasted for the duration of the experiment. The chicks of all the groups except uninfected control group were inoculated orally with sporulated oocysts (3 × 10(3) oocysts of Eimeria tenella) on the day 22 of age. The criteria employed were: body weight, feed conversion ratio, blood in feces, survival rate, lesion scoring, number of oocyst output per gram feces and histopathological changes. For histopathological evaluation, on day 12 post inoculation three birds from each group were randomly selected and humanly sacrificed. N. tripedale and diclazuril revealed better results in terms of growth performance, lesion score, extent of bloody diarrhea and oocyst count as compared to other herbal extracts. The increase in the severity of lesions was observed in groups of D. aucheri, A. absinthium, B. bovei, P. ferulaceae, C. intybus, diclazuril and N. tripedale, respectively. In conclusion, the current study showed that herbal extracts were effective in control of coccidiosis caused by the E. tenella infection.

In Vitro Anticoccidial Activity of Olive Pulp (Olea europaea L. var. Chemlal) Extract Against Eimeria Oocysts in Broiler Chickens

“…The results of this investigation have demonstrated that the OP extracts have a noticeably destructive effect on Eimeria parasite. Previous investigations have used in vitro test to screen the anticoccidial effect of some plant compounds in broiler chickens [34][35][36][37][38].…”

Effect of Calotropis procera (madar) and amprolium supplementation on parasitological parameters of broilers during mixed Eimeria species infection

“…Plants produce a broad-spectrum variety of phytochemicals such as phenolics, polyacetylenes, alkaloids, polysaccharides, terpenoids, and essential oils with a large number of antimicrobial bioactivities [ 23 ]. Safe alternative to chemical anticoccidial drug is herbal products because they do not results to tissue residue and drug resistance [ 24 ]. The results of this study show the effectiveness of amprolium and madar for control of coccidiosis.…”

Diagnosis and control of chicken coccidiosis: a recent update

“…Similarly, significant reduction in the mortality of birds infected with coccidiosis has been reported among different plant extracts (Drȃgan et al 2014;Gholamrezaie Sani et al 2013;Habibi et al 2016;Nghonjuyi et al 2015). The antimalaria 'artemisinin' derived from the herb Artemisia annua has been reported to have damaging effects on the macrogametocyte of E. tenella by limiting the expression of sarcoplasmic-endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase enzyme (del Cacho et al 2010).…”