Anticoccidial drugs: Screening methods

Shumard, R. F.; Callender, M. E.

doi:10.1016/0014-4894(70)90061-5

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The current strategy for coccidiosis control relies on (i) the parasite's cofactor metabolism (synthetic drugs), such as ethopabate, sulphonamides, pyrimethamine, and amprolium [ 84 ], (ii) the mitochondrial metabolism, employing drugs such as quinolone which blocks electron transport [ 85 ] and the triazinetrione compound toltrazuril, which reduces the activity of certain enzymes in the respiratory chain [ 86 ]; and (iii) the balance of ions, using drugs like polyether antibiotics or ionophores which induce osmotic damage [ 87 ]. Furthermore, some drug combinations of currently unknown mode of action have shown promising effects [ 88 ].…”

Section: Eimeria : Effect Of Diet Supplementatimentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress Control by Apicomplexan Parasites

Bosch

Kronenberger

Meissner

et al. 2015

BioMed Research International

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Section: Eimeria : Effect Of Diet Supplementatimentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress Control by Apicomplexan Parasites

Bosch

Kronenberger

Meissner

et al. 2015

BioMed Research International

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“…These antibiotics have a different mechanism of transmembrane transport: they open up ion conduction channels (177,228). The ionophore antibiotics are active against parasites, including coccidia (Eimeria) and Plasmodium (25,103,104,191), as well as against gram-positive organisms and mycoplasmas. They are not used therapeutically in humans.…”

Section: Vol 16 2003 Antimicrobial Growth Promoters In Animals 181mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ion transport capacity of ionophores does not discriminate between bacterial and mammalian membranes. Since they have good oral absorption (24,191), these products are quite toxic for mammalians and birds. Several accidents have been reported with overdoses of ionophores in mammalians, mostly involving acute intoxications, although reports of chronic intoxications have also appeared (156,162,170).…”

Section: Vol 16 2003 Antimicrobial Growth Promoters In Animals 181mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Growth Promoters Used in Animal Feed: Effects of Less Well Known Antibiotics on Gram-Positive Bacteria

2003

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There are not many data available on antibiotics used solely in animals and almost exclusively for growth promotion. These products include bambermycin, avilamycin, efrotomycin, and the ionophore antibiotics (monensin, salinomycin, narasin, and lasalocid). Information is also scarce for bacitracin used only marginally in human and veterinary medicine and for streptogramin antibiotics. The mechanisms of action of and resistance mechanisms against these antibiotics are described. Special emphasis is given to the prevalence of resistance among gram-positive bacteria isolated from animals and humans. Since no susceptibility breakpoints are available for most of the antibiotics discussed, an alternative approach to the interpretation of MICs is presented. Also, some pharmacokinetic data and information on the influence of these products on the intestinal flora are presented

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“…Normally, body weight gain is not affected or is only slightly reduced in mild infections, while in severe infections weight gains may be as much as 40 to 60% lower than in noninfected control birds. Gardiner (1955) reported a poor correlation between mortality rates and weight gains in young birds (<L. 2 weeks old) given graded doses of E. tenella, and Shumard and Callendar (1970) also found no correlation between weight gain and the severity of infection as judged by mortality caused by 14 strains (isolates) of E. tenella. However, these investigators did not use lesion scores as a measure of infection severity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Relationship of coccidial lesion scores and weight gain in infections ofEimeria acervulina, E. maximaandE. tenellain broilers

1990

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SUMMARYA relationship was estimated between weight gains and coccidial lesion scores measured on individual male broiler chicks experimentally infected with different field isolates of Eimeria acervulina (seven tests), E. maxima (five tests) or E. tenella (eight tests). There was a small decrease in weight gain as lesion scores increased in E. acervulina infections, and a modest reduction in weight gain with increasing lesion scores in E. maxima and E. tenella infections. This relationship was observed in both nonmedicated birds and birds fed on dicts containing 60 mg salinomycin/kg. The weight gains for birds fed 60 mg/kg with lesion scores of 2, 3 and 4 for E. acervulina. 1,2,3 and 4 for E. maxima and 2 and 3 for E. tenella were significantly greater than the weight gains of nonmedicated birds with the same lesion scores. The results demonstrated that lesion scoring does not fully reflect the degree of disease severity in induced infection. High lesion scores caused by the three species studied were associated with small changes in weight gain in medicated birds when compared with nonmedicated birds.

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Anticoccidial drugs: Screening methods

Cited by 13 publications

References 30 publications

Oxidative Stress Control by Apicomplexan Parasites

Oxidative Stress Control by Apicomplexan Parasites

Antimicrobial Growth Promoters Used in Animal Feed: Effects of Less Well Known Antibiotics on Gram-Positive Bacteria

Relationship of coccidial lesion scores and weight gain in infections ofEimeria acervulina, E. maximaandE. tenellain broilers

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