Anticoagulant rodenticides and resistance development in rodent pest species – A comprehensive review

Integrating Evolved Responses to Chemical Contaminants with Zoonotic Reservoir Competence

“…Given that faster-paced mammalian species are likely to be (1) more competent reservoirs of zoonotic diseases and (2) better able to evolve tolerance or resistance to chemicals, contaminated environments could ultimately favor the persistence of zoonotic reservoirs. Examples of such candidate species include brown rats and house mice, which can develop resistance to anticoagulant rodenticides while serving as highly competent reservoirs for various zoonoses (McGee et al 2020).…”

“…Species with such potential for adaptation are more likely to have a faster pace of life because they typically have larger populations, higher fecundity, and shorter generation times, which permits a greater standing genetic variation for selection to act on (Oziolor et al 2020). Evidence for evolutionary responses to contaminants has been reported from faster‐paced mammals, particularly rodents, such as anticoagulant rodenticide resistance in brown rats ( Rattus norvegicus ) and house mice ( Mus musculus ; McGee et al 2020).…”

“…Consequently, if sensitivity is greater, extinction or reduction of populations may be the more likely outcome. If not, contaminated environments could then favor the persistence of faster‐paced species with evolved tolerance or resistance mechanisms, a challenging issue already faced by pest management programs (e.g., rodenticides [McGee et al 2020]).…”

Screening and prevention of anticoagulant resistance development in house mice: A review

“…Over the past eight decades, the use of rodenticides has been the most widely practiced and most eff ective way of controlling rodents. Since their discovery in 1940 to this day, anticoagulants have been the most widespread rodenticides in use for controlling rodent pest populations (Bentley, 1972;McGee et al, 2020). However, the continued and unsupervised use of rodenticides has ultimately resulted in global spreading of resistant rodent populations (Pelz et al 2005).…”

“…SGAR rodenticides cause animal death aft er consumption of small amounts of bait (Buckle, 1994). However, due to their toxicity, and greater liposolutibility and retentivity in rodent organism, SGARs make a greater threat to nontarget organisms in the environment (RRAC, 2015;McGee et al, 2020).…”