Anticoagulant-related skin reactions

Jörg, Ingrid; Fenyvesi, T; Harenberg, Job

doi:10.1517/14740338.1.3.287

Cited by 18 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In organic compounds the presence of −C = N− along with other functional groups form more stable complexes compared to compounds with only −C = N− coordinating moiety [12][13][14]. Furthermore, chelating ability of coumarin derivatives has been studied to suggest their use as chelating agents [15]. So, a series of coumarin-derived Schiff bases and their complexes have a significant position in modern coordination chemistry.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystal structure of bis{5-(diethylamino)-2-(((2-oxo-2H-chromen-6-yl)imino)methyl)phenolato-κ² O,N}cobalt(II), C₄₀H₃₈CoN₄O₆

Jia

Sun

2017

Zeitschrift Für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures

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CCDC no.: 1543366The crystal structure is shown in the figure. Tables 1 and 2 contain details on crystal structure and measurement conditions and a list of the atoms including atomic coordinates and displacement parameters. Source of material Experimental detailsHydrogen atoms were placed in their geometrically idealized positions and constrained to ride on their parent atoms. DiscussionAzomethine group (−C = N−) containing compounds, typically known as Schiff's bases, have been synthesized via condensation of primary amines with active carbonyls. These molecules are known to coordinate with metal ions through

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystal structure of bis{5-(diethylamino)-2-(((2-oxo-2H-chromen-6-yl)imino)methyl)phenolato-κ² O,N}cobalt(II), C₄₀H₃₈CoN₄O₆

Jia

Sun

2017

Zeitschrift Für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures

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“…leichtgradige Blutungen von 0,8%, 4,9% und 15% [27]. Eine weitere seltene Komplikation ist die cumarininduzierte Hautnekrose, deren Prävalenz zwischen 0,01 und 0,1% beziffert wird [28].…”

Section: Allgemeine Nebenwirkungenunclassified

Rolle der Vitamin-K-Antagonisten aus Sicht des Hepatologen

Kneiseler

Canbay

Gerken

2012

Herz

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Vitamin K antagonists are often used as oral anticoagulants for primary and secondary prevention of thromboembolic events. Vitamin K antagonists induce an anticoagulant effect by interfering with the vitamin K metabolism in the liver. Well-known complications are bleeding events and skin necrosis. Recent data indicate increasing numbers of cases with hepatic complications due to vitamin K antagonists ranging from mild hepatopathy to acute liver failure with high mortality. Hepatotoxicity is usually developed after a few months of latency, which is associated with unspecific symptoms, jaundice, elevated transaminase levels as well as cholestatic enzymes. Hepatotoxicity due to vitamin K antagonists is seldom; however, it should be considered in cases of elevated liver enzymes. In this case coumarin therapy should be discontinued. Caution is needed when changing to another coumarin derivative because cross-reactivity has been described.

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“…It can affect internal organs as well and may be lethal [17][18][19]. In the differential diagnosis a local immune complex reaction (Arthus reaction) due to precipitating antibodies with an erythematous induration, oedema, hemorrhage and subsequent necrosis has to be considered.…”

Section: Cell-mediated Hypersensitivity To Subcutaneous Heparinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These proteins have a short half-life of 6-8 h and vitamin K antagonists block their synthesis, resulting in a rapid decrease. Other procoagulant proteins, such as coagulation factors II, IX and X with considerably longer half-lives, remain active for a longer time in adequate levels, ensuring efficient hemostasis [18,19]. This results in a relative hypercoagulable state ending in thrombotic complications in the microvasculature of the skin with subsequent necrosis.…”

Section: Coumarin Necrosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hypersensitivity Reactions to Anticoagulant Drugs

Scherer¹,

Tsakiris²,

Bircher³

2008

CPD

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Drugs with anticoagulant activity, including heparins, hirudins, coumarins, and platelet aggregation inhibitors belong to the most widely used drugs. Hypersensitivity reactions from these agents are rare. However, due to their widespread use, they may have a considerable impact on patient safety and treatment. Accurate diagnosis of potentially life-threatening adverse events and identification of alternatives is mandatory. We review hypersensitivity reactions caused by the different groups of anticoagulant agents and discuss the pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnostic possibilities and management options. According to patients histories the most common hypersensitivity reaction is intolerance to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). Also localized erythematous plaques, occurring to subcutaneous application of heparins are rather common. Other hypersensitivity reactions are rare but may be life-threatening, e.g. skin necrosis due to heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Rarely anaphylactoid reactions have been observed to ASA, heparin, and hirudin. Skin and provocation tests with immediate and late readings are the most reliable diagnostic tools for heparin- or hirudin-induced urticaria/anaphylaxis or heparin-induced delayed plaques. Provocation tests may be used to identify safe alternatives. In cases of necrosis from heparins or coumarins, all in vivo tests are contraindicated. Most in vitro tests are not universally available, and with the exception of platelet aggregation tests, they have a low sensitivity. In some anticoagulant-associated hypersensitivity reactions detailed allergologic investigation may help to identify safe treatment alternatives. Typically, several tests are needed, and therefore the test procedures are time consuming.

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Anticoagulant-related skin reactions

Cited by 18 publications

References 32 publications

Crystal structure of bis{5-(diethylamino)-2-(((2-oxo-2H-chromen-6-yl)imino)methyl)phenolato-κ² O,N}cobalt(II), C₄₀H₃₈CoN₄O₆

Crystal structure of bis{5-(diethylamino)-2-(((2-oxo-2H-chromen-6-yl)imino)methyl)phenolato-κ² O,N}cobalt(II), C₄₀H₃₈CoN₄O₆

Rolle der Vitamin-K-Antagonisten aus Sicht des Hepatologen

Hypersensitivity Reactions to Anticoagulant Drugs

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Anticoagulant-related skin reactions

Cited by 18 publications

References 32 publications

Crystal structure of bis{5-(diethylamino)-2-(((2-oxo-2H-chromen-6-yl)imino)methyl)phenolato-κ2 O,N}cobalt(II), C40H38CoN4O6

Crystal structure of bis{5-(diethylamino)-2-(((2-oxo-2H-chromen-6-yl)imino)methyl)phenolato-κ2 O,N}cobalt(II), C40H38CoN4O6

Rolle der Vitamin-K-Antagonisten aus Sicht des Hepatologen

Hypersensitivity Reactions to Anticoagulant Drugs

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Crystal structure of bis{5-(diethylamino)-2-(((2-oxo-2H-chromen-6-yl)imino)methyl)phenolato-κ² O,N}cobalt(II), C₄₀H₃₈CoN₄O₆

Crystal structure of bis{5-(diethylamino)-2-(((2-oxo-2H-chromen-6-yl)imino)methyl)phenolato-κ² O,N}cobalt(II), C₄₀H₃₈CoN₄O₆