Anticipation in stuttering: A theoretical model of the nature of stutter prediction

Garcia‐Barrera, Mauricio A.; Davidow, Jason H.

doi:10.1016/j.jfludis.2015.03.002

Cited by 44 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…a stranger, or an intimidating manager at work) [27]. Stammering often occurs in similar places in words and sentences, or on the same sound or word [13,15]. PwS are also more likely to stammer on words beginning with consonants, initial words and longer words [13].…”

Section: Stammering and Its Associated Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Individuals can attach negative thoughts or emotions to particular words or sounds due to negative past experiences [15,39], and this can influence how they approach these in the future. This 'anticipation effect' [13] can cause increased social anxiety in some people [4,10,13,15,28,22], which can lead to covert tendencies. People who are covert will commonly use avoidance techniques such as circumlocution (using multiple words where one would do) and/or replacing certain words which might elicit a stammer during conversation [4,10,39].…”

Section: Stammering and Its Associated Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…People who are covert will commonly use avoidance techniques such as circumlocution (using multiple words where one would do) and/or replacing certain words which might elicit a stammer during conversation [4,10,39]. Avoiding eye contact [10] or avoiding situations entirely due to concern about their speech [10,13,18,35] is also common.…”

Section: Stammering and Its Associated Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In modern practice, stammering is not viewed merely as a speech disorder, but as a far more complex condition which can also include deeper psychological effects such as loss of confidence, lower self-worth and increased anxiety levels [5]. PwS can be subjected to negative stereotypes, prejudice and discrimination, as well as victimization and bullying [3,5,13,28]. They are also at an increased risk of having a lower quality of life, particularly in social and vocational spheres, and in terms of their emotional and mental health [27].…”

Section: Stammering and Its Associated Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

StammerApp

McNaney

Bull

Mackie

et al. 2018

Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

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Stammering is a speech disorder affecting approximately 1% of the worldwide population. It can have associated impacts on daily life, such as loss of confidence in social situations and increased anxiety levels (particularly when speaking to strangers). Work exploring the development of digital tools to support people who stammer (PwS) is emerging. However, there is a paucity of research engaging PwS in the design process, with participation being facilitated mainly in testing phases. In this paper, we describe the user-centered design, development and evaluation of StammerApp, a mobile application to support PwS. We contribute insights into the challenges and barriers that PwS experience day-to-day and reflect on the complexities of designing with this diverse group. Finally, we present a set of design recommendations for the development of tools to support PwS in their everyday interactions, and provide an example of how these might be envisioned through the StammerApp prototype.

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Section: Stammering and Its Associated Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stammering and Its Associated Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stammering and Its Associated Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stammering and Its Associated Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

StammerApp

McNaney

Bull

Mackie

et al. 2018

Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

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“…One hypothesis is that stuttering is associated with temperamental or personality traits of shyness or anxiety [9]; a second is that stutterers know when they are about to stutter, and this awareness influences occurrences of stuttering and its treatment [10,11]. A third hypothesis is that developmental stuttering is due to a basal ganglia defect involving a deficit in brain timing networks [12] and/or brain structural connectivity differences associated with impaired auditory-motor integration [13,14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward a Theory of Stuttering

Mawson

Radford

Jacob³

2016

Eur Neurol

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Stuttering affects about 1% of the general population and from 8 to 11% of children. The onset of persistent developmental stuttering (PDS) typically occurs between 2 and 4 years of age. The etiology of stuttering is unknown and a unifying hypothesis is lacking. Clues to the pathogenesis of stuttering include the following observations: PDS is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes and birth-associated trauma; stuttering can recur or develop in adulthood following traumatic events such as brain injury and stroke; PDS is associated with structural and functional abnormalities in the brain associated with speech and language; and stuttering resolves spontaneously in a high percentage of affected children. Evidence marshaled from the literature on stuttering and from related sources suggests the hypothesis that stuttering is a neuro-motor disorder resulting from perinatal or later-onset hypoxic-ischemic injury (HII), and that chronic stuttering and its behavioral correlates are manifestations of recurrent transient ischemic episodes affecting speech-motor pathways. The hypothesis could be tested by comparing children who stutter and nonstutterers (controls) in terms of the occurrence of perinatal trauma, based on birth records, and by determining rates of stuttering in children exposed to HII during the perinatal period. Subject to testing, the hypothesis suggests that interventions to increase brain perfusion directly could be effective both in the treatment of stuttering and its prevention at the time of birth or later trauma.

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The Impact of Stuttering—Hiding in Plain Sight

2021

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cants, their use of preinterview materials, and convenience for faculty. Notable changes made to our process include half vs whole day interviewing, more structured interviews, greater access for applicants to faculty sharing their interests, and continued opportunity for virtual engagement with applicants beyond their interview day. We will maintain many of these practices beyond current circumstances.In the future, to some extent, the use of online platforms for recruitment, social media presence, and virtual interviewing will remain part of every program's selection process. When in-person interviewing resumes, there will be a need to level the field between those who choose in-person vs virtual meetings. Continuing the virtual interview option will serve to increase applicant access and knowledge of programs along with economizing the process for both applicants and programs. It is unknown if the costs savings for applicants from a virtual interview outweighs the disadvantage of not having the in-person experience of a program, institution, or city, particularly one located in a region the applicant has never visited. Once the pandemic is over, for programs, the value of interviews will only increase as use of class rank of students by medical schools continues to decrease and USMLE Step I converts to pass/fail-only reporting. Hopefully, our current environment will encourage further innovation and reform as suggested by others. 3 The selection of residents is an important step in the medical education continuum, particularly in neurology where there is and will be an ever-increasing demand by the public for our clinical skill and research discoveries. 4 Changes to the interview process will be informed by our postpandemic desire for inperson interaction, quest for equity and diversity, and the increasing demand for neurologists to the benefit of all stakeholders.

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Anticipation in stuttering: A theoretical model of the nature of stutter prediction

Cited by 44 publications

References 81 publications

StammerApp

StammerApp

Toward a Theory of Stuttering

The Impact of Stuttering—Hiding in Plain Sight

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