Anticipated Work‐Family Conflict: Effects of Gender, Self‐Efficacy, and Family Background

Abstract

Anticipated levels of 2 types of work-family conflict (WFC) were studied among 358 students from 2 universities. The study examined the contribution of gender, parental models of child care and housework, and self-efficacy to the variance in anticipated WFC. Findings demonstrated that the bidirectionality of the relations between work and family life also exists in anticipated conflicts. A number of gender-related differences emerged: Women anticipated higher levels of work interfering with family and family interfering with work and demonstrated lower efficacy in managing these conflicts than did men. Exposure to an egalitarian child care model correlated with lower anticipated levels of work interfering with family. Self-efficacy correlated negatively with both types of conflict. Implications for further research and career programs are discussed.

The anticipated work-family conflict of future business managers: Does gender and maternal employment matter?

“…Anticipated work-family conflict was a unidimensional scale indicating that South African students do not distinguish between the family to the work and work to family directionality of AWFC (c.f., Cinamon, 2006;Gutek et al, 1991), which is consistent with many other applications of AWFC (Weer et al, 2006;O'Shea & Kirrane, 2008;Bu & McKeen, 2000;Livingston Burley & Springer., 1996). Similarly, self-efficacy to manage future work-family conflict (SE-FWFC) was a unidimensional scale (Hennessy 7 Lent, 2008).…”

“…ANOVA showed no significant main effect for gender, which means that males and female students do not differ in terms of their AWFC; though there is a difference depending on whether the student's mother worked full-time or not. Both Cinamon (2006) and Livingston et al (1996) found that females had significantly higher levels of AWFC than male students did; they did not consider whether students' mothers had worked full-time during the students' childhood. There was no significant difference between black and white students on AWFC.…”

“…This is not to imply that no valuable work has been conducted or that no debates have emerged. For example, there is some debate regarding the directionality of AWFC with Cinamon (2006) adopting the bi-directionality found in the work-family conflict literature (from family to work and work to family) and Weer et al (2006) arguing for the acceptance of a unidimensional construct because young adults with no direct experience of work-family conflict will be unlikely to be able to distinguish different directions of the anticipated conflict between work and family.…”

Self-efficacy at work: bibliometric revision between 2004 and 2014 in the EBSCO database - Academic Search

“…Los Estados Unidos lideraron la producción académica sobre el tema con más de 30 % de los estudios, siendo Israel el segundo país más productivo. Sobre los autores o grupos de autores que más presentan estudios en esta revisión, las mayores frecuencias fueron de Hugo Ferrari Cardoso, MakiliM NuNes Baptista, FaBiáN Javier MaríN rueda Rachel Gali Cinamon (Cinamon, 2006;, investigadora de la Universidad de Tel Aviv, en Israel, y Deirdre O´Sullivan, David R. Strauser y Alex W. K. Wong, investigadores de la Universidad de Illinois, en los Estados Unidos (Strauser, O´Sullivan, & Wong, 2010;O´Sullivan, Strauser, & Wong, 2012).…”

“…En relación con esos estudios e investigadores, Cinamon en sus dos trabajos investigó la relación entre la percepción de autoeficacia con las demandas del contexto profesional y familiar en una muestra de trabajadores, o sea, investigó las temáticas conflictos de papeles (trabajo y familia) y la percepción de creencias de autoeficacia para resolver conflictos en ambas situaciones (Cinamon, 2006;. Por su parte, Deirdre O´Sullivan, David R. Strauser y Alex W. K. Wong en los dos estudios tuvieron como interés estudiar la relación entre aspectos de la personalidad y la percepción de creencias de autoeficacia en el trabajo en muestras de personas con deficiencia y que fueron rehabilitadas profesionalmente (Strauser, O´Sullivan, & Wong, 2010;O´Sullivan, Strauser, & Wong, 2012).…”