Anticholinesterase, antioxidant activity and phytochemical investigation into aqueous extracts from five species of Agrimonia genus

Abstract

Aqueous extracts of aerial flowering parts of five Agrimonia species (Rosaceae): Agrimonia coreana Nakai, Agrimonia japonica (Miq.) Koidz, Agrimonia procera Wallr., Agrimonia eupatoria L. and Agrimonia leucantha Kunze were investigated on their antioxidant activity, measured using five different methods; the best was the extract from A. procera with IC50 values from 6 to 29 μg/mL. All the extracts displayed inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) at the tested concentration of 100 μg/mL. We found the highest inhibition of cholinesterase in the extract of A. japonica with inhibition 70.4% for AChE and 79.8% for BuChE. These findings are statistically significant in comparison with those of other extracts (p < 0.001). The phytochemical analyses showed that the antioxidant activity of Agrimonia extracts can be affected especially by hexahydroxydiphenoyl (HHDP)-glucose and quercetin glycosides, and inhibition of cholinesterases by apigenin, luteolin and quercetin glycosides.

Agrimonia procera Wallr. Extract Increases Stress Resistance and Prolongs Life Span in Caenorhabditis elegans via Transcription Factor DAF-16 (FoxO Orthologue)

“…were able to inhibit the acetylcholine esterase [18,19]. Kubinova et al showed that an extract of A. procera (100 μg/mL) also displayed the inhibition of acetylcholine esterase [20]. Lee et al reported that an extract of Agrimonia eupatoria attenuated glutamate-induced oxidative stress in hippocampal cells [21].…”

Chemical constituents from Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. and their chemotaxonomic significance

“…The aerial parts of Agrimonia pilosa were also listed in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia as a kind of haemostatic drug for treating urinary, respiratory, digestive system diseases, and various kinds of bleeding such as bloody dysentery (Xu et al 2005;Wang et al 2012a). Pharmacological studies showed that A. pilosa exhibits antihaemorrhagic, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, anticancer and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities (Kubínová et al 2016).…”

In Situ Gel with Silver Nanoparticles Prepared Using Agrimonia eupatoria L. Shows Antibacterial Activity

“…The total flavonoid contents in the edible extracts decreased in the following order: methanolic (2.58 ± 0.7 mg QE/100 g DW), ethanolic (1.96 ± 0.3 mg QE/100 g DW), aqueous (1.51 ± 0.1 mg QE/100 g DW), and acetone (1.13 ± 0.5 mg QE/100 g DW). Similar results—i.e., that the content of flavonoids was more than ten times lower than the content of all polyphenols—were obtained by Kubinová [ 26 ]. Our results concerning polyphenols are supported by other authors who found different substances in Agrimonia eupatoria L. From a group of flavonoids, researchers have detected apigenin derivatives [ 25 ], such as isovitexin (apigenin 6-C-glucoside) [ 26 ]; luteolin derivatives [ 27 ]; quercetine derivatives, such as rutin (quercetine 3-O-rhamnoglucoside) [ 24 , 28 ]; and kaempferol derivatives, such as astragalin (kaempferol 3-O-glucoside) [ 29 ].…”

“…Similar results—i.e., that the content of flavonoids was more than ten times lower than the content of all polyphenols—were obtained by Kubinová [ 26 ]. Our results concerning polyphenols are supported by other authors who found different substances in Agrimonia eupatoria L. From a group of flavonoids, researchers have detected apigenin derivatives [ 25 ], such as isovitexin (apigenin 6-C-glucoside) [ 26 ]; luteolin derivatives [ 27 ]; quercetine derivatives, such as rutin (quercetine 3-O-rhamnoglucoside) [ 24 , 28 ]; and kaempferol derivatives, such as astragalin (kaempferol 3-O-glucoside) [ 29 ]. Condensed tannins, such as agrimoniin [ 23 ] and hydrolyzable tannin pedunculagin [ 27 ], were isolated.…”