Anticardiolipin antibodies in concurrent poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis and autoimmune hemolytic anemia: A case report

Abstract

We present a case of acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA). Along with the classic findings of APSGN, the patient had a positive direct antiglobulin test and an anticardiolipin antibody without any typical clinical manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). This case raises questions of the relationship between Streptococcus and the development of autoimmune hemolytic anemia in children. Our case highlights the possibility that the streptococcal infections in this patient might be responsible for her anemia, either in setting of underlying antiphospholipid antibodies, or in having triggered the development of pathogenic antibodies, which subsequently leads to the clinical evolution of hemolysis. It is presumed that in our case, the anticardiolipin antibody induced by streptococcal infection may play a direct role in the clinical evolution of AIHA.

Extrarenal Immune-Mediated Disorders Linked with Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis: a Systematic Review

“…A hematological disease (Table 2) was observed in 13 male and three female subjects aged 18 years or less [34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45]. Isolated thrombocytopenia was observed in eight patients, isolated hemolytic anemia in six patients and both hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia in two patients.…”