Anticancer potential of rhamnocitrin 4′-β-d-galactopyranoside against N-diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats

Abstract

The hepatoprotective activity of flavonoid rhamnocitrin 4'-β-D-galactopyranoside (RGP) obtained from leaves of Astragalus hamosus L. against N-diethylnitrosamine (DENA)-induced hepatic cancer in Wistar albino rats was evaluated. Hepatic cancer in rats was induced by single-dose intraperitoneal administration of DENA (200 mg/kg). Induction of hepatic cancer was confirmed after 7 days of DENA administration by measurement of elevated level of serum α-feto protein (AFP). Administration of DENA in a single dose lofted the levels of serum biochemical parameters like alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, total protein and AFP. Antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and lipid per oxidation (LPO) were annealed significantly by administration of RGP in a dose-dependant manner. The histopathological examination of rat liver section was found to reinforce the biochemical observations significantly. It was observed that a substantial and dose-dependent reversal of DENA-diminished activity of antioxidant enzymes like SOD, CAT, GPx, GST and the reduced DENA-elevated level of LPO with a marked change. Any elevation in the levels of serum markers along with suppression of free radical formation by scavenging the hydroxyl radicals is significantly prevented by RGP. It also modulates the levels of LPO and perceptibly increases the endogenous antioxidant enzymes level in DENA-induced hepatocellular carcinogenesis. The findings suggest that RGP prevents hepatocellular carcinoma by suppressing the marked increase in the levels of serum marker enzymes, and suppresses the free radical by scavenging hydroxyl radicals.

Flavonoids Effects on Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Murine Models: A Systematic Review

“…In the reviewed articles, flavonoids like Silibinin were shown to be effective in reducing tumor in xenografts mice, acting on p-ERK activation, and reducing their activity [ 40 ]. Other flavonoids showed strong antioxidant activity, reducing stress oxidative markers like MDA [ 19 , 25 , 29 , 31 , 35 ] and stimulating the increase of antioxidant enzymes such as SOD [ 19 , 28 , 29 , 31 , 41 ].…”

Anti-Aging Implications of Astragalus Membranaceus (Huangqi): A Well-Known Chinese Tonic

“…In human hepatocarcinoma cells SMMC-7721 and HepG2, AF inhibited the growth of tumor cells by arresting cell cycle in the G0/G1 and S phases, inducing apoptosis via mitochondria-dependent and death receptor-dependent apoptotic pathways [ 133 ]. In the hepatic cancer rat model induced by N-diethylnitrosamine, a flavonol glycoside rhamnocitrin 4′-β-d-galactopyranoside can prevent hepatocellular carcinogenesis by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as SOD, CAT, GPx, GST and reducing the level of lipid peroxidation [ 134 , 135 ].…”

Acute and Sub-Acute Oral Toxicity Evaluation of Astragalus hamosus Seedpod Ethanolic Extract in Wistar Rats

“…15 Further research demonstrated that RGP exhibited anticancer potential against Ndiethylnitrosamine-induced hepatic cancer in Wistar rats. 16 Moreover, antioxidant effects of RGP against 6hydroxy (OH)-dopamine-induced oxidative stress in isolated rat brain synaptosomes and its cytoprotective potential in Bendamustine and/or Cyclophosphamide induced toxicity in isolated rat hepatocyte have been proven. 17 Evidence also shows that AH was inadvertently introduced into Australia from Iran, Turkey and Algeria.…”