Anticancer Potential of Aqueous Ethanol Seed Extract of Ziziphus mauritiana against Cancer Cell Lines and Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma

Abstract

Ziziphus mauritiana (Lamk.) is a fruit tree that has folkloric implications against many ailments and diseases. In the present study, anticancer potential of seed extract of Ziziphus mauritiana in vitro against different cell lines (HL-60, Molt-4, HeLa, and normal cell line HGF) by MTT assay as well as in vivo against Ehrich ascites carcinoma bearing Swiss albino mice was investigated. The extract was found to markedly inhibit the proliferation of HL-60 cells. Annexin and PI binding of treated HL-60 cells indicated apoptosis induction by extract in a dose-dependent manner. The cell cycle analysis revealed a prominent increase in sub Go population at concentration of 20 μg/ml and above. Agarose gel electrophoresis confirmed DNA fragmentation in HL-60 cells after 3 h incubation with extract. The extract also exhibited potent anticancer potential in vivo. Treatment of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma bearing Swiss albino mice with varied doses (100–800 mg/kg b.wt.) of plant extract significantly reduced tumor volume and viable tumor cell count and improved haemoglobin content, RBC count, mean survival time, tumor inhibition, and percentage life span. The enhanced antioxidant status in extract-treated animals was evident from decline in levels of lipid peroxidation and increased levels of glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase.

Apoptosis Induction Effect of Three Jujube Cultivars in HepG2 and Jurkat Cell Lines

“…Taking the antiproliferation and apoptosis induction effect into consideration with necrotic effects, the ethanolic extract of Rianthong seeds showed the most potential as an anti-cancer therapeutic. Previous studies have shown Ziziphus species anti-cancer activity mediated via induction of apoptotic cell death in cancer cell lines [13]- [15]. The chloroform extract of Z. jujuba fruit has been reported to cause apoptosis induction effect against hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) [15], which is in contrast to our findings where both the water and ethanolic seed extracts of all jujube cultivars tested did not affect HepG2 cells.…”

“…Another study showed that extracts from Z. jujuba fruit induced apoptosis in estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) positive (MCF-7) and ERα negative (SKBR3) breast cancer cells [14]. Similar to our study, the ethanolic extract from seed of Z. mauritiana was demonstrated to cause apoptotic cell death in human promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL-60), human acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells (Molt-4) and human cervical cancer cells (HeLa) without showing toxicity against normal human gingival fibroblast cells (HGF) [13].…”

Influence of carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) and pectin on rheological, physical stability and sensory properties of milk and concentrated jujuba mixture

“…jujuba (Ziziphus jujuba; Miller) might be useful as a natural functional food ingredient with antioxidant activity and phenolic content. It is used as flavoring agent and additive because of the high nutrient content [21,35,54]. jujuba has considerable amount of ascorbic acid and contains compounds such as glycoside, sterol, alkaloid, tannin, saponin, organic acids, amino acids, triterpenoid, flavonoid, carbohydrate and minerals including potassium, iron, calcium, phosphorus and vitamins including A, B and C [32,41,56].…”

Impact of ethanolic extract of Mikania glomerata on human breast cancer (MCF 7) cell line

“…According to Mukherjee et al [27], ethanolic leaf extract of Thuja occidentalis blocks proliferation of A549 cells (lung carcinoma cells) and induces apoptosis in vitro. Anti-cancer potential study of plant extracts adopting Annexin V on Ziziphus mauritiana in vitro against HL-60, Molt-4, and HeLa cancer cell lines [28], algal extract on the AML cell lines HL-60 and MV-4-11 [29], Sutherlandia frutescens (cancer bush) extract on SNO oesophageal cancer cell line [30], Chaetoceros calcitrans extract on human breast cell line (MCF-7) [31], Mikania hirsutissima leaf extract fraction on U87 human glioblastoma cell line [32] and Melilotus officinalis (sweet clover) extract fraction on human TK6 lymphoblastoid cell line [33] were studied and their apoptotic property has been recorded.…”