Anticancer activity of secondary metabolite isolated from the rhizospheric fungus Fusarium oxysporum isolate-ABRF1, 2-propenoic acid, pentadecyl ester

Abstract

Abstract. Sahu MK, Suthakaran S, Ghosh SC, Singh D, Das A, Jha H. 2023. Anticancer activity of secondary metabolite isolated from the rhizospheric fungus Fusarium oxysporum isolate-ABRF1, 2-propenoic acid, pentadecyl ester. Asian J Nat Prod Biochem 21: 88-100. The rhizospheric fungus Fusarium oxysporum ABRF1 from the Achanakmar Biosphere Reserve, Chhattisgarh, India, was evaluated for its anticancer potency using various cellular and molecular assays. A differential cytotoxic profile of the different fractions of the ABRF1 isolate was observed against various cancer cell lines. DNA fragmentation analysis revealed the aqueous and toluene fractions were effective and correlated well with apoptotic gene expression in several breast cancer cells. The fractions showed markedly increased expression of pro-apoptotic protein markers – BAX and cleaved caspase 3 in the breast cancer cells. Structural and functional characterization of potential secondary metabolite from the fungal isolate ABRF1 was carried out using Gas Chromatography with Mass Spectroscopy and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance that characterized as 2-propenoic acid, pentadecyl ester. The underlying mechanisms responsible for the anticancer property were confirmed by molecular docking analysis of 2-propenoic acid, pentadecyl ester, and positive controls such as Doxorubicin and Noscapine. The results showed an efficient binding with molecular targets such as protein kinases (EphA2) and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition markers (Vimentin) in breast cancer cells. The active metabolite 2-propenoic acid, pentadecyl ester, has a potential anticancer property that needs to be taken further for in vivo studies and drug development in the future.