“…The cis -[Rh 2 ( μ -O 2 CCH 3 ) 2 (dppn)(NN)] 2+ (NN = bpy, phen, dpq, dppz, and dppn) complexes exhibit dark toxicity toward HeLa and COLO-316 cancer cell lines, with the bpy, phen, dpq, and dppz complexes transversing the cellular membrane to induce apoptosis, while the dppn complex is unable to enter the cell and induces necrosis [65]. The cytotoxicity studies of this series toward Hs-27 fibroblasts shows that the dppz and dppn complexes are less cytotoxic in the dark than the bpy, phen, and dpq complexes, with LC 50 values of 200 ± 20, 178 ± 17, 51 ± 5, 355 ± 18, and 384 ± 24 μM (LC 50 = median lethal concentration) for NN = bpy, phen, dpq, dppz, and dppn, respectively [64].…”