Antibody to lactate dehydrogenase V. Use as a carrier for introducing diphtheria toxin into mouse tumor cells

Samagh, B S; Gregory, Kenneth F.

doi:10.1016/0304-4165(72)90206-1

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…It has been reported recently that certain types of malignant cells from mice or humans may be inherently more sensitive to diphtheria toxin than normal cells from the corresponding organism (26,86). In addition, there have been other reports suggesting that the toxin may be converted into a more specific cytotoxic agent by covalently conjugating it to antibodies directed against specific cellular antigens (114,128,143). It is difficult to predict if such studies may ever reach the stage 79 VOL.…”

Section: Originmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diphtheria toxin: mode of action and structure.

Collier¹

1975

Bacteriological Reviews

365

180

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OUTLINE OF THE PROBLEM. 54 INHIBITION OF PROTEIN SYNTHESIS ..56 Studies in Cell Culture ..56 Studies in Cell-Free Systems ..58 ADP-RIBOSYLATION OF EF-2 ..59 Identification of the Reaction ..59 ADPR is Covalently Attached. ..60 The Role of Toxin is Catalytic ..61 Substrate Specificity ..61 Reversibility and Thermodynamics ..62 Factors Affecting the Rate of the Forward Reaction 62 STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIPS IN THE TOXIN 63 Whole Toxin is a Proenzyme ..63 Toxicity of the Various Fragments and Forms. 65 Properties of Fragment A ..65 Variations Among Toxin Preparations ..66 Nontoxic, Cross-Reacting Forms of Toxin ..67 Mechanism of the ADP-Ribosylation Reaction ..68 Pyridine Nucleotide Binding and ADP-Ribosylation Activity of Whole Toxin ... 70 IS THE ADP-RIBOSYLATION REACTION RESPONSIBLE FOR TOXICITY? ... 71 EVENTS PRECEDING THE ADP-RIBOSYLATION REACTION IN CELLS.. 72 Attachment to Specific Receptors .72 Entry and Activation Processes .73 Kinetics of Entry and Turnover .74 IMMUNOLOGY .75 Avidity Correlates with Antibody Against Fragment B .75 Immunogenicity and the Mechanism of Toxoiding .75 BIOLOGICAL FUNCTION AND ORIGIN OF DIPHTHERIA TOXIN .77

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Section: Originmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diphtheria toxin: mode of action and structure.

Collier¹

1975

Bacteriological Reviews

365

180

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“…Initial studies with first-generation immunotoxins were primarily carried out with the diphtheria toxin: a bacterial toxin that is analogous to type 2 RIPs in that it has two distinct domains for targeting and enzymatic action to inhibit protein synthesis [ 7 , 34 , 35 ]. Although these often gave promising results in vitro, a number of issues were encountered upon testing in vivo.…”

Section: The Development Of Rip-based Immunotoxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Plant-Derived Ribosome Inactivating Proteins in Immunotoxin Development: Past, Present and Future Generations

Rust

Partridge

Davletov

et al. 2017

Toxins

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Ribosome inactivating proteins (RIPs) form a class of toxins that was identified over a century ago. They continue to fascinate scientists and the public due to their very high activity and long-term stability which might find useful applications in the therapeutic killing of unwanted cells but can also be used in acts of terror. We will focus our review on the canonical plant-derived RIPs which display ribosomal RNA N-glycosidase activity and irreversibly inhibit protein synthesis by cleaving the 28S ribosomal RNA of the large 60S subunit of eukaryotic ribosomes. We will place particular emphasis on therapeutic applications and the generation of immunotoxins by coupling antibodies to RIPs in an attempt to target specific cells. Several generations of immunotoxins have been developed and we will review their optimisation as well as their use and limitations in pre-clinical and clinical trials. Finally, we endeavour to provide a perspective on potential future developments for the therapeutic use of immunotoxins.

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“…Mouse anti-lactate dehydrogenase antibody when coupled to diphtheria toxin resulted in a conjugate more toxic for Erhlich ascites cells than for normal mouse kidney cells due to increased expression of lactate dehydrogenase on the ascites cells (Samagh and Gregory, 1972) Thorpi et al (1978) coupled purified antilymphocytic globulin-chlorambucil conjugates to dephtheria toxin via an activated anhydride reaction that yielded well defined conjugates which could readily be purified by gel filtration.…”

Section: Conjugates Of Diphtheria Toxin and Immunoglobulinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alpha-amanitin-concanavalin A conjugates as inhibitors of specific cell types /

Hencin¹

1979

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Antibody to lactate dehydrogenase V. Use as a carrier for introducing diphtheria toxin into mouse tumor cells

Cited by 8 publications

References 16 publications

Diphtheria toxin: mode of action and structure.

Diphtheria toxin: mode of action and structure.

The Use of Plant-Derived Ribosome Inactivating Proteins in Immunotoxin Development: Past, Present and Future Generations

Alpha-amanitin-concanavalin A conjugates as inhibitors of specific cell types /

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