Antibody Response to Canine Parvovirus Vaccination in Dogs with Hyperadrenocorticism Treated with Trilostane

Bergmann, Michèle; Freisl, Monika; Hartmann, Katrin; Speck, Stephanie; Truyen, Uwe; Zablotski, Yury; Mayr, Magdalena; Wehner, Astrid

doi:10.3390/vaccines8030547

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…To the best of our knowledge, there are no available studies on vaccine response in patients with endogenous GC excess. In dogs with hyperadrenocorticism treated with trilostane, the immune response to canine parvovirus vaccination was comparable with that of healthy dogs [106].…”

Section: Glucocorticoids and Sars-cov-2 Mrna Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 76%

Endocrine risk factors for COVID-19: Endogenous and exogenous glucocorticoid excess

Vogel

Reincke

2021

Rev Endocr Metab Disord

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Patients with endogenous or exogenous glucocorticoid (GC) excess exhibit a range of side effects, including an increased risk of infections. Via both mechanism, immune impairments and cardiometabolic concomitant diseases, patients with GC excess could be at increased risk for COVID-19. The impact on incidence and outcome of a SARS-CoV-2 infection in this population are not yet completely clear. This review aims to compile the data available to date and to discuss the existing literature on this topic. Further we highlight potential effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis as well as the influence of endogenous or exogenous GC excess on SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination. There is growing evidence suggesting an increased risk of infection and severe outcome in patients with high-dose GC therapy after contracting SARS-CoV-2. The few data and case reports on patients with endogenous GC excess and SARS-CoV-2 infection point in a similar direction: chronic GC excess seems to be associated with an unfavorable course of COVID-19. Whether this is mainly a primary immune-mediated effect, or also triggered by the many GC-associated comorbidities in this population, is not yet fully understood. Patients with endogenous or exogenous GC excess should be considered as a vulnerable group during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Regardless of the cause, vaccination and consistent surveillance and control of associated comorbidities are recommended.

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Section: Glucocorticoids and Sars-cov-2 Mrna Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 76%

Endocrine risk factors for COVID-19: Endogenous and exogenous glucocorticoid excess

Vogel

Reincke

2021

Rev Endocr Metab Disord

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“…Furthermore, thyroid hormones can affect endogenous glucocorticoid levels [ 22 , 23 , 24 ]. The administration of triiodothyronine (T3) and T4 suppressed the basal and ACTH-stimulated levels of blood cortisol, at least in rats [ 23 ]; in contrast, low levels of thyroid hormones could lead to a chronic elevation of endogenous blood cortisol and thus impaired immune function [ 22 ], although a previous study revealed that the immune response of dogs with treated hyperadrenocorticism (HAC) to MLV vaccination against CPV was not significantly impaired in comparison to that of healthy dogs [ 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody Response to Canine Parvovirus Vaccination in Dogs with Hypothyroidism Treated with Levothyroxine

Bergmann¹,

Freisl²,

Hartmann³

et al. 2021

Vaccines

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(1) Background: No information is available on how dogs with hypothyroidism (HypoT) respond to vaccination. This study measured pre- and post-vaccination anti-canine parvovirus (CPV) antibodies in dogs with HypoT treated with levothyroxine and compared the results to those of healthy dogs. (2) Methods: Six dogs with HypoT and healthy age-matched control dogs (n = 23) were vaccinated against CPV with a modified-live vaccine. Hemagglutination inhibition was used to measure antibodies on days 0, 7, and 28. The comparison of the vaccination response of dogs with HypoT and healthy dogs were performed with univariate analysis. (3) Results: Pre-vaccination antibodies (≥10) were detected in 100% of dogs with HypoT (6/6; 95% CI: 55.7–100) and in 100% of healthy dogs (23/23; 95% CI: 83.1–100.0). A ≥4-fold titer increase was observed in none of the dogs with HypoT and in 4.3% of the healthy dogs (1/23; CI95%: <0.01–22.7). Mild vaccine-associated adverse events (VAAEs) were detected in 33.3% of the dogs with HypoT (2/6; 95% CI: 9.3–70.4) and in 43.5% (10/23; 95% CI: 25.6–63.2) of the healthy dogs. (4) Conclusions: There was neither a significant difference in the dogs’ pre-vaccination antibodies (p = 1.000), or vaccination response (p = 0.735), nor in the occurrence of post-vaccination VAAEs (p = 0.798). The vaccination response in dogs with levothyroxine-treated HypoT seems to be similar to that of healthy dogs.

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“…Although significant progress has been made in developing diagnostics [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ], vaccines [ 29 , 32 , 33 , 34 ], and treatment protocols [ 3 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ] for canine parvovirus (CPV) since its emergence, few methodologies have been developed to attempt to limit or slow the spread of this disease within vulnerable populations. This may be partially due to a belief that reductions like this are not possible, given the extensive period during which CPV can survive in the environment [ 4 ] and difficulty in disinfecting CPV-infected areas (i.e., dog parks, homes, shelters, etc.)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Mass Treatment of the Canine Parvovirus ICU Population in Relation to Public Policy Changes during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Horecka¹,

Ratnayaka²,

Davis³

2020

Viruses

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Previous work has indicated that canine parvovirus (CPV) prevalence in the Central Texas region may follow yearly, periodic patterns. The peak in CPV infection rates occurs during the summer months of May and June, marking a distinct “CPV season”. We hypothesized that human activity contributes to these seasonal changes in CPV infections. The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in drastic changes in human behavior which happened to synchronize with the CPV season in Central Texas, providing a unique opportunity with which to assess whether these society-level behavioral changes result in appreciable changes in CPV patient populations in the largest CPV treatment facility in Texas. In this work, we examine the population of CPV-infected patients at a large, dedicated CPV treatment clinic in Texas (having treated more than 5000 CPV-positive dogs in the last decade) and demonstrate that societal–behavioral changes due to COVID-19 were associated with a drastic reduction in CPV infections. This reduction occurred precisely when CPV season would typically begin, during the period immediately following state-wide “reopening” of business and facilities, resulting in a change in the typical CPV season when compared with previous years. These results provide evidence that changes in human activity may, in some way, contribute to changes in rates of CPV infection in the Central Texas region.

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Antibody Response to Canine Parvovirus Vaccination in Dogs with Hyperadrenocorticism Treated with Trilostane

Cited by 8 publications

References 39 publications

Endocrine risk factors for COVID-19: Endogenous and exogenous glucocorticoid excess

Endocrine risk factors for COVID-19: Endogenous and exogenous glucocorticoid excess

Antibody Response to Canine Parvovirus Vaccination in Dogs with Hypothyroidism Treated with Levothyroxine

Changes in Mass Treatment of the Canine Parvovirus ICU Population in Relation to Public Policy Changes during the COVID-19 Pandemic

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