Antibody response in vaccinated pregnant mares to recent G3BP[12] and G14P[12] equine rotaviruses

Nemoto, Manabu; Tsunemitsu, Hiroshi; Murase, Harutaka; Nambo, Yasuo; Sato, Shinsuke; Orita, Yasuhiro; Imagawa, Hiroshi; Bannai, Hiroshi; Tsujimura, Koji; Yamanaka, Takashi; Matsumura, Tomio; Kondo, Takashi

doi:10.1186/1751-0147-54-63

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…As the overall amount of RVA is reduced in the stable or herd when horses are vaccinated, this reduced infection pressure benefits also unvaccinated horses in the study which makes the assessment of vaccine efficacy difficult. Although little is known about cross protection between G3 and G14 serotypes, a recent study in Japan suggests that a vaccine based on a G3BP[12] RVA strain also generated cross protective virus-neutralizing antibodies against G14P[12] RVA strains, albeit at a slightly lower level (Nemoto et al, 2012). This confirms previous studies, which demonstrated that G3 and G14 serotypes partly cross-react with each other (Imagawa et al, 2005;Imagawa et al, 2002) .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Molecular characterization of equine rotaviruses isolated in Europe in 2013: Implications for vaccination

Matthijnssens

Ons

Coster

et al. 2015

Veterinary Microbiology

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Equine group A rotavirus (RVAs) mainly cause disease in foals under the age of 3 months. Only sporadic data are available on the circulation of RVAs in equine populations in Europe. In this study, 65 diarrheic samples from foals under 4 months of age were collected in Belgium (n=32), Germany (n=17), Slovenia (n=5), Sweden (n=4), Hungary (n=3), Italy (n=2), France (n=1) and The Netherlands (n=1). Forty percent of these samples (n=26) were found to be RVA positive by a quantitative RT-PCR assay. The viral load in 11 of these samples was sufficiently high to be (partially) genotyped. G3, G14 and P[12] were the main genotypes detected, and phylogenetic analyses revealed that they were closely related to contemporary equine RVA strains detected in Europe as well as in Brazil and South Africa. Regional variation was observed with only G14 and P[12] being detected in Germany, whereas mainly G3P[12] was encountered in Belgium. Surprisingly the only G14P[12] RVA strain detected in Belgium was also found to possess the very rare P[18] genotype, which has been described only once from equine RVA strain L338 detected in the UK in 1991. Despite the identification of this uncommon P[18] genotype, G3P[12] and G14P[12] RVA strains remained the most important genotypes in Europe during the study period. Based on this finding and the knowledge that G3P[12] and G14P[12] serotypes are partially cross-reactive it can be assumed that a vaccine based on an inactivated virus of the G3P[12] genotype is still relevant in the current European epidemiological situation, although the addition of a G14 strain would most likely be beneficial.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Molecular characterization of equine rotaviruses isolated in Europe in 2013: Implications for vaccination

Matthijnssens

Ons

Coster

et al. 2015

Veterinary Microbiology

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“…Further evidence for this was found in a more recent study in which sera from mares vaccinated with a monovalent G3BP[12] vaccine were shown to have increased concentrations of virus-neutralising antibodies to both homologous G3BP[12] rotavirus strains and heterologous G14P[12] strains, although the increase in heterologous neutralising antibodies was less than the increase in homologous antibodies (Nemoto et al, 2012).…”

Section: Immunity and Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 94%

Equine rotaviruses—Current understanding and continuing challenges

Bailey

Gilkerson

Browning

2013

Veterinary Microbiology

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Equine rotaviruses were first detected in foals over 30 years ago and remain a major cause of infectious diarrhoea in foals. During this time, there has been substantial progress in the development of sensitive methods to detect rotaviruses in foals, enabling surveillance of the genotypes present in various horse populations. However, there has been limited epidemiological investigation into the significance of these circulating genotypes, their correlation with disease and the use of vaccination in these animal populations. Our knowledge of the pathogenesis of rotavirus infection in foals is based on a limited number of studies on a small number of foals and, therefore, most of our understanding in this area has been extrapolated from studies in other species. Questions such as the concentrations of rotavirus particles shed in the faeces of infected foals, both with and without diarrhoea, and factors determining the presence or absence of clinical disease remain to be investigated, as does the relative and absolute efficacy of currently available vaccines. The answer to these questions may help direct research into the development of more effective control measures.

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“…ERVA vaccines have been shown to aid in the reduction of the incidence and severity of diarrhea and also in the intensity and duration of viral shedding, however they do not guarantee full protection [1,21,22]. In addition, previous studies have shown that there is significant antigenic variation among ERVA genotypes, which leads to emergence of viruses that are not neutralized by antibodies elicited by the current vaccines [24][25][26][27][28][29]. Moreover, temporal and spatial variations in the prevalence and distribution of ERVA genotypes has been previously reported [2,29,30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and evaluation of a one-step multiplex real-time TaqMan® RT-qPCR assay for the detection and genotyping of equine G3 and G14 rotaviruses in fecal samples

Carossino

Barrandeguy

Erol

et al. 2019

Virol J

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Background Equine rotavirus A (ERVA) is the leading cause of diarrhea in neonatal foals and has a negative impact on equine breeding enterprises worldwide. Among ERVA strains infecting foals, the genotypes G3P[12] and G14P[12] are the most prevalent, while infections by strains with other genomic arrangements are infrequent. The identification of circulating strains of ERVA is critical for diagnostic and surveillance purposes, as well as to understand their molecular epidemiology. Current genotyping methods available for ERVA and rotaviruses affecting other animal species rely on Sanger sequencing and are significantly time-consuming, costly and labor intensive. Here, we developed the first one-step multiplex TaqMan ® real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assay targeting the NSP3 and VP7 genes of ERVA G3 and G14 genotypes for the rapid detection and G-typing directly from fecal specimens. Methods A one-step multiplex TaqMan ® RT-qPCR assay targeting the NSP3 and VP7 genes of ERVA G3 and G14 genotypes was designed. The analytical sensitivity was assessed using serial dilutions of in vitro transcribed RNA containing the target sequences while the analytical specificity was determined using RNA and DNA derived from a panel of group A rotaviruses along with other equine viruses and bacteria. The clinical performance of this multiplex assay was evaluated using a panel of 177 fecal samples and compared to a VP7-specific standard RT-PCR assay and Sanger sequencing. Limits of detection (LOD), sensitivity, specificity, and agreement were determined. Results The multiplex G3 and G14 VP7 assays demonstrated high specificity and efficiency, with perfect linearity. A 100-fold difference in their analytical sensitivity was observed when compared to the singleplex assays; however, this difference did not have an impact on the clinical performance. Clinical performance of the multiplex RT-qPCR assay demonstrated that this assay had a high sensitivity/specificity for every target (100% for NSP3, > 90% for G3 VP7 and > 99% for G14 VP7, respectively) and high overall agreement (> 98%) compared to conventional RT-PCR and sequencing. Conclusions This new multiplex RT-qPCR assay constitutes a useful, very reliable tool that could significantly aid in the rapid detection and G-typing of ERVA strains circulating in the field.

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Antibody response in vaccinated pregnant mares to recent G3BP[12] and G14P[12] equine rotaviruses

Cited by 17 publications

References 26 publications

Molecular characterization of equine rotaviruses isolated in Europe in 2013: Implications for vaccination

Molecular characterization of equine rotaviruses isolated in Europe in 2013: Implications for vaccination

Equine rotaviruses—Current understanding and continuing challenges

Development and evaluation of a one-step multiplex real-time TaqMan® RT-qPCR assay for the detection and genotyping of equine G3 and G14 rotaviruses in fecal samples

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