Antibody Resistance of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1, BA.1.1, BA.2 and BA.3 Sub-Lineages

Ai, Jingwen; Wang, Xun; He, Xinyi; Zhao, Xiaoyu; Zhang, Yi; Jiang, Y.; Li, Minghui; Cui, Yuchen; Chen, Yanjia; Qiao, Rui; Li, Lin; Yang, Lulu; Li, Yang; Hu, Zixin; Zhang, Wenhong; Wang, Pengfei

doi:10.2139/ssrn.4081510

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The will for vaccination, be it primary or with a booster dose, was likely also altered by the emergence of the B.1.1.529 (Omicron) lineage, first identified in November 2021 in Botswana and South Africa 12 . With over 50 sense mutations accumulated in the genome, approximately 30 concerning spike protein and 10 in the receptor‐binding domain, it soon became clear that Omicron is efficient in evading vaccine‐induced humoral immunity, a primary cause of its rapid worldwide spread 13–16 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID‐19 vaccinations and rates of infections, hospitalizations, ICU admissions, and deaths in Europe during SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron wave in the first quarter of 2022

Rzymski

Kasianchuk

Sikora

et al. 2022

Journal of Medical Virology

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The vaccination campaigns brought hope to minimizing the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) burden. However, the emergence of novel, highly transmissible Omicron lineage of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) and the waning of neutralizing antibodies a few months after vaccination has brought concerns over the vaccine efficacy. The present work analyzed the relationships between COVID‐19 vaccine coverage (completion of primary course and booster dose intake) in the European Economic Area and rates of infection, hospitalizations, admissions to intensive care units (ICU), and deaths during the Omicron wave in the first quarter of 2022 (January–April). As demonstrated, infection rates were not correlated to vaccine coverage in any considered month. For January and February, the rates of hospitalizations, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, and death due to COVID‐19 were strongly negatively correlated ( r =− 0.54 to −0.82) with the percentage of individuals who completed initial vaccination protocol and the percentage of those who received a booster dose. However, in March and April, the percentage of the population with primary vaccination course correlated negatively only with ICU admissions ( r = −0.77 and −0.46, respectively). The uptake of boosters in March still remained in significant negative correlation with hospitalizations ( r = −0.45), ICU admissions ( r = −0.70) and deaths due to COVID‐19 ( r = −0.37), although in April these relationships were no longer observed. The percentage of individuals with confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2 infection did not correlate with the pandemic indices for any considered month. The study indicates that COVID‐19 vaccination, including booster administration, was beneficial in decreasing the overwhelming of healthcare systems during the Omicron wave, but novel vaccine strategies may be required in the long term to enhance the effectiveness and durability of vaccine‐induced protection during future waves of SARS‐CoV‐2 infections.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID‐19 vaccinations and rates of infections, hospitalizations, ICU admissions, and deaths in Europe during SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron wave in the first quarter of 2022

Rzymski

Kasianchuk

Sikora

et al. 2022

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…Secondly, the Omicron strain prevalent in China was BA.2 when the study was carried out, however, the strain used in the neutralization assay was BA.1. The difference in escape immunity between BA.1 and BA.2 is low, so the study of BA.1 could represent BA.2 to a fair extent [ 45 ]. In this study, we have selected several peptides to establish the evaluation system of vaccine efficacy, among them, there is only one peptide related to a mutation location (S1‐57 PFGEVFNATRFA, which is PFDEVFNATRFA in Omicron BA.1 variant).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal neutralization activities on authentic Omicron variant provided by three doses of BBIBP‐CorV vaccination during one year

Lai

Xue

et al. 2022

Proteomics

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The majority of people in China have been immunized with the inactivated viral vaccine BBIBP‐CorV. The emergence of the Omicron variant raised the concerns about protection efficacy of the inactivated viral vaccine in China. However, longitudinal neutralization data describing protection efficacy against Omicron variant is still lacking. Here we present one‐year longitudinal neutralization data of BBIBP‐CorV on authentic Omicron, Delta, and wild‐type strains using 224 sera collected from 14 volunteers who have finished three doses BBIBP‐CorV. The sera were also subjected for monitoring the SARS‐CoV‐2 specific IgG, IgA, and IgM responses on protein and peptide microarrays. The neutralization titers showed different protection efficacies against the three strains. By incorporating IgG and IgA signals of proteins and Spike protein derived peptide on microarray, panels as potential surrogate biomarkers for rapid estimation of neutralization titers were established. These data support the necessity of the 3 rd dose of BBIBP‐CorV vaccination. After further validation and assay development, the panels could be used for reliable, convenient and fast evaluation of the efficacy of vaccination.

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“…This is particularly concerning if one considers that during the COVID-19 pandemic, the measures to control the burden of HIV/AIDS in the African region have been significantly subdued [ 27 , 28 ]. As Omicron has evolved, its increasing adaptation to evade infection-acquired or vaccine-induced immunity and lowering the effectiveness of monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of COVID-19 has been noticed [ 29 , 30 , 31 ]. South Africa is currently experiencing a surge of new COVID-19 cases driven by two Omicron sub-variants, BA.4 and BA.5 [ 32 ].…”

Section: The Rise Of Omicron Is Not Equal To the Game Over To Covid-1...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The COVID-19 Vaccination Still Matters: Omicron Variant Is a Final Wake-Up Call for the Rich to Help the Poor

Rzymski

Szuster‐Ciesielska

2022

Vaccines

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By June 2022, COVID-19 vaccine coverage in low-income countries remained low, while the emergence of the highly-transmissible but less clinically-severe Omicron lineage of SARS-CoV-2 has led to the assumption expressed outside the academic realm that Omicron may offer a natural solution to the pandemic. The present paper argues that this assumption is based on the false premise that this variant could be the final evolutionary step of SARS-CoV-2. There remains a risk of the emergence of novel viral subvariants and recombinants, and entirely novel lineages, the clinical consequences of which are hard to predict. This is particularly important for regions with a high share of immunocompromised individuals, such as those living with HIV/AIDS, in whom SARS-CoV-2 can persist for months and undergo selection pressure. The vaccination of the least-vaccinated regions should remain the integral strategy to control viral evolution and its potential global consequences in developed countries, some of which have decided to ease sanitary and testing measures in response to the rise and dominance of the Omicron variant. We argue that low-income countries require help in improving COVID-19 vaccine availability, decreasing vaccine hesitancy, and increasing the understanding of long-term vaccination goals during the circulation of a viral variant that causes milder disease.

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Antibody Resistance of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1, BA.1.1, BA.2 and BA.3 Sub-Lineages

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

COVID‐19 vaccinations and rates of infections, hospitalizations, ICU admissions, and deaths in Europe during SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron wave in the first quarter of 2022

COVID‐19 vaccinations and rates of infections, hospitalizations, ICU admissions, and deaths in Europe during SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron wave in the first quarter of 2022

Longitudinal neutralization activities on authentic Omicron variant provided by three doses of BBIBP‐CorV vaccination during one year

The COVID-19 Vaccination Still Matters: Omicron Variant Is a Final Wake-Up Call for the Rich to Help the Poor

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