Antibody Isotype Responses to Paramyosin, a Vaccine Candidate for Schistosomiasis, and Their Correlations With Resistance and Fibrosis in Patients Infected With Schistosoma Japonicum in Leyte, the Philippines

Nara, Takeshi; Iizumi, Kyoichi; Ohmae, Hiroshi; Sy, Orlando S.; Tsubota, Soichi; Inaba, Yutaka; Tsubouchi, Akira; Tanabe, M.; Kojima, Satoshi; Aoki, Takashi

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2007.76.384

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Both pro‐peptide and mature collagen type III can be used as a biomarker for liver fibrosis, and serum levels of type IV collagen predict the state of liver fibrosis, which in turn reflects collagen degradation . Hence, the levels of PC‐III and IV‐C may reflect the current pathological progress of schistomiasis . Comparison of infected and infected/anti‐IL‐17 mAb‐treated mice suggested that IL‐17 may increase PC‐III expression, possibly by inducing type III collagen synthesis, whereas anti‐IL‐17 mAb may attenuate fibrosis by reducing extracellular collagen III deposition in the liver (Fig b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Characteristics of IL‐17 induction by Schistosoma japonicum infection in C57BL/6 mouse liver

et al. 2013

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SummarySchistosomiasis japonica is a severe tropical disease caused by the parasitic worm Schistosoma japonicum. Among the most serious pathological effects of S. japonicum infection are hepatic lesions (cirrhosis and fibrosis) and portal hypertension. Interleukin-17 (IL-17) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of many inflammatory and infectious conditions, including schistosomiasis. We infected C57BL/6 mice with S. japonicum and isolated lymphocytes from the liver to identify cell subsets with high IL-17 expression and release using flow cytometry and ELISA. Expression and release of IL-17 was significantly higher in hepatic lymphocytes from infected mice compared with control mice in response to both non-specific stimulation with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody plus/anti-CD28 monoclonal antibody and PMA plus ionomycin. We then compared IL-17 expression in three hepatic T-cell subsets, T helper, natural killer T and cdT cells, to determine the major source of IL-17 during infection. Interleukin-17 was induced in all three subsets by PMA + ionomycin, but cdT lymphocytes exhibited the largest increase in expression. We then established a mouse model to further investigate the role of IL-17 in granulomatous and fibrosing inflammation against parasite eggs. Reducing IL-17 activity using anti-IL-17A antibodies decreased infiltration of inflammatory cells and collagen deposition in the livers of infected C57BL/6 mice. The serum levels of soluble egg antigen (IL) -specific IgGs were enhanced by anti-IL-17A monoclonal antibody blockade, suggesting that IL-17 normally serves to suppress this humoral response. These findings suggest that cdT cells are the most IL-17-producing cells and that IL-17 contributes to granulomatous inflammatory and fibrosing reactions in S. japonicum-infected C57BL/6 mouse liver.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Characteristics of IL‐17 induction by Schistosoma japonicum infection in C57BL/6 mouse liver

et al. 2013

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“…Antigenic cross-reactivity between helminths and other intestinal parasites, such as Anisakis simplex [22], Taenia solium , Taenia crassiceps , Toxocara canis , Schistosoma mansoni and Echinococcus granulosus [23], Necator americanus and Al [24] have also been reported. Cross-reactive antigens among allergens and among helminths are being identified and characterized for their potential in serodiagnosis and vaccination [25-27]. The nematode Anisakis simplex cross-reacts with the dust mites Acarus siro , Lepidoglyphus destructor , Tyrophagus putrescentiae , and Dp [14] as well as with German cockroach and chironomids [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tropomyosin from Al [12] and paramyosin from Schistosoma [27] and Anisakis [30] are currently considered as potential vaccine targets specific for each nematode infection. These proteins, as previously stated, are also responsible for the cross-reactivity among HDM allergens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IgE cross-reactivity between house dust mite allergens and Ascaris lumbricoides antigens

Valmonte

Cauyan

Ramos

2012

Asia Pacific Allergy

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BackgroundCommon antigens between intestinal parasites and environmental allergens may play a role in the modulation of allergic immune responses. There is a growing interest in investigating cross-reactivity between common helminths and dust mites affecting humans, particularly in the tropics.ObjectiveThis study examined the cross-reactivity between the human roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides (Al) and three house dust mite (HDM) species.MethodsSpecific serum IgE levels to HDM species Blomia tropicalis (Bt), Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp), and Dermatophagoides farinae (Df ); and Al extracts among allergic (n=100) and ascariasis (n=60) subjects were measured through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). IgE-reactive components of HDM and Al extracts were detected through Western-Blot Analysis. Cross-reactivity between HDMs and Al was determined by ELISA inhibition using HDM and Al-specific sera from allergic (n=15) and ascariasis (n=15) subjects. The IgE-binding capacity of a recombinant paramyosin peptide (Blo t 11-fD) to allergic (n=50) and ascariasis (n=50) subjects' sera were likewise determined.ResultsAmong allergic subjects, 70% exhibited Al-specific positive IgE-reactivity, while 20-28% of ascariasis subjects demonstrated HDM-specific positive IgE-reactivity. Multiple IgE-reactive components of HDM allergens (14-240 kDa) and Al antigens (15-250 kDa) were detected, indicating multi-allergen sensitization among the subjects tested. Al antigens can inhibit up to 92% of HDM-specific IgE-reactivity among allergic subjects, while up to 54% of Al-specific IgE-reactivity among ascariasis subjects was inhibited by HDM allergens. Positive rBlo t 11-fD-specific IgE reactivity was observed in 80% of the allergic subjects and 46% of the ascariasis subjects.ConclusionsThis study showed the presence of multiple cross-reactive antigens in HDM and Al extracts. Identification of these molecules may provide basis for designing novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. The potential role of paramyosin as a specific cross-reactive allergen present in HDMs and Al has been shown.

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“…Native and recombinant paramyosin (Sj97) proteins confer protection against S. japonicum in mice, water buffaloes, and other mammalian hosts (166). Furthermore, recent studies of human antibody isotype (109) and Th2 cytokine responses to Sj97 add further support to this molecule as a leading vaccine candidate against S. japonicum (89). Unfortunately, a major challenge with Sj97 is its poor expression in soluble form, probably due to its coiled-coil structure and its large size.…”

Section: Paramyosin (Sj97)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Status of Vaccines for Schistosomiasis

2008

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SUMMARY Schistosomiasis, caused by trematode blood flukes of the genus Schistosoma, is recognized as the most important human helminth infection in terms of morbidity and mortality. Infection follows direct contact with freshwater harboring free-swimming larval (cercaria) forms of the parasite. Despite the existence of the highly effective antischistosome drug praziquantel (PZQ), schistosomiasis is spreading into new areas, and although it is the cornerstone of current control programs, PZQ chemotherapy does have limitations. In particular, mass treatment does not prevent reinfection. Furthermore, there is increasing concern about the development of parasite resistance to PZQ. Consequently, vaccine strategies represent an essential component for the future control of schistosomiasis as an adjunct to chemotherapy. An improved understanding of the immune response to schistosome infection, both in animal models and in humans, suggests that development of a vaccine may be possible. This review considers aspects of antischistosome protective immunity that are important in the context of vaccine development. The current status in the development of vaccines against the African (Schistosoma mansoni and S. haematobium) and Asian (S. japonicum) schistosomes is then discussed, as are new approaches that may improve the efficacy of available vaccines and aid in the identification of new targets for immune attack.

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Antibody Isotype Responses to Paramyosin, a Vaccine Candidate for Schistosomiasis, and Their Correlations With Resistance and Fibrosis in Patients Infected With Schistosoma Japonicum in Leyte, the Philippines

Cited by 9 publications

References 36 publications

Characteristics of IL‐17 induction by Schistosoma japonicum infection in C57BL/6 mouse liver

Characteristics of IL‐17 induction by Schistosoma japonicum infection in C57BL/6 mouse liver

IgE cross-reactivity between house dust mite allergens and Ascaris lumbricoides antigens

Current Status of Vaccines for Schistosomiasis

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