Antibody-Functionalized Nanoparticles for Targeted Drug Delivery in Cancer Therapy

Marques, Ana Camila; Costa, Paulo; Velho, Sérgia; Amaral, Maria Helena

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-80962-1_297-1

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…Although some authors performed SDS-PAGE for this characterization, its widespread application is limited by labor-intensive and time-consuming procedures for gel preparation [71]. Regarding maleimide chemistry, thioether linkages can only be formed between maleimide-activated nanoparticles and antibody free sulfhydryl groups, which can be either introduced into an intact antibody by thiolation or obtained by selectively reducing its disulfide bonds, yielding two monovalent halves [67]. Figure 3 presents an SDS-PAGE analysis of nanoparticle conjugation with antibodies via maleimide chemistry.…”

Section: Electrophoretic Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, while selective reduction in the antibody's disulfide bonds yields site-specific free sulfhydryl groups, lysine residues modified with thiols (thiolation) are randomly distributed over the antibody. Because of this drop in site selectivity, thiolation results in heterogeneous conjugates and may affect their antigen-binding capacity [67]. If possible, antibodies should be attached to nanoparticles through the Fc region, leaving the antigen-binding sites in the Fab region free to recognize and interact with the target antigen (receptor).…”

Section: Control Of the Orientation Of Attached Antibodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analytical Techniques for Characterizing Tumor-Targeted Antibody-Functionalized Nanoparticles

Marques,

Costa,

Velho

et al. 2024

Life

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The specific interaction between cell surface receptors and corresponding antibodies has driven opportunities for developing targeted cancer therapies using nanoparticle systems. It is challenging to design and develop such targeted nanomedicines using antibody ligands, as the final nanoconjugate’s specificity hinges on the cohesive functioning of its components. The multicomponent nature of antibody-conjugated nanoparticles also complicates the characterization process. Regardless of the type of nanoparticle, it is essential to perform physicochemical characterization to establish a solid foundation of knowledge and develop suitable preclinical studies. A meaningful physicochemical evaluation of antibody-conjugated nanoparticles should include determining the quantity and orientation of the antibodies, confirming the antibodies’ integrity following attachment, and assessing the immunoreactivity of the obtained nanoconjugates. In this review, the authors describe the various techniques (electrophoresis, spectroscopy, colorimetric assays, immunoassays, etc.) used to analyze the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles functionalized with antibodies and discuss the main results.

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Section: Electrophoretic Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Control Of the Orientation Of Attached Antibodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%